Chapter 3

Question 1

System Unit

Answer 1

the main body of a computer that contains a motherboard, it contains the inner workings of a computer essential everything inside the box

Question 2

Motherboard

Answer 2

the main part of the computer, power supplies, coolings fans, disk drives, primary memory, secondary memory, expansion cards, etc. are all plugged into the motherboard

Question 3

Box

Answer 3

is called a case or chassis, encloses the main components of the computer, comes in a variety of sizes and configurations that are typically determined by the size and shape of the motherboard

Question 4

Motherboard

Answer 4

is the primary “circuit board” that is a complex array of electronics that connect and help different components of the computer communicate with one another

Question 5

Circuit Board

Answer 5

sometimes called printed circuit board (PCB) is a logical and economical way to replace loose wiring by applying copper wires directly to a sheet of non conductive plastic

Question 6

Microprocessor

Answer 6

sometimes called a microprocessor chip is plugged directly into a slot on the motherboard and serves as the brains for the microcomputer

Question 7

CPU (central processing unit)

Answer 7

interprets program instructions and processes data by performing arithmetic and logical operations, its what gives a microcomputer the ability to be programmed

Question 8

Clock rate

Answer 8

how a microcomputers speed is measured, which is defined as the number of cycles per second that a computer can perform its most basic tasks, and is measured in gigahertz

Question 9

RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)

Answer 9

architecture chips designed for efficiency and were the first 64 bit processor

Question 10

Bus lines

Answer 10

are the pathways (the roads) that transfer data and power between components inside of a computer and sometimes between computers themselves

Question 11

4 Bus types

Answer 11

PCI (peripheral component interconnect), AGP (accelerated graphics port, USB (Universal serial bus), and Firewire (high performance serial bus)

Question 12

Binary number system

Answer 12

a two state number system on a computer that is used for the computer to understand the commands

Question 13

American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)

Answer 13

coding scheme to represent bytes

Question 14

PSU (power supply unit)

Answer 14

the part the supplies electricity, converts 100-120 volts or 220-240 of alternating current (AC) to a lower voltage direct current (DC) that can be used by the internal components of the system unit

Question 15

Primary storage

Answer 15

volatile, faster to access data, doesnt save data

Question 16

Secondary storage

Answer 16

non volatile, hard drive, saves data but takes longer to access but more important because it has it saved

Question 17

ROM Chips (read only memory)

Answer 17

are preprogrammed, require no user intervention, and serve to perform specialized internal tasks likes starting the computer sometimes called firmware

Question 18

Expansion Card

Answer 18

specialized circuit board that can be plugged into a motherboards expansion slot to add further functionality to a computer like enhancing a computers audio ability or to serve as a tv

Question 19

Port

Answer 19

a specific outlet that serves as a connection enabling communication between the computer and devices like digital cameras, keyboards, printers, etc. similar to an electrical outlet

Question 20

Machine language

Answer 20

a binary system of ones and zeros representing patterns of bits that represent instructions that a computers central processing unit is able to understand

Question 21

Input

Answer 21

data and information that enters a computer system and is subsequently translated for processing

Question 22

Output

Answer 22

data and information that exits a computer and is translated for human comprehension

Question 23

Input device

Answer 23

a computer hardware apparatus that translates data and information that a person understands into the machine language that a CPU can understand and process

Question 24

Stylus

Answer 24

a pen like device (apple pen)

Question 25

Image scanners

Answer 25

are devices that analyze, convert, and translate images, printed text, or handwriting to a digital format

Question 26

RFID

Answer 26

RFID reader and RFID tags are an input mechanism that can be used to label a product for identification and have the products information transmitted through radio waves

Question 27

Input devices

Answer 27

Keyboard, mouses, touch pads (a mouse but only use your finger), stylus, microphone, digital cameras, video cameras, image scanners, OCRs, webcams, barcode readers, RFIDs

Question 28

Output devices

Answer 28

Monitors, laser printers, ink jet printers, vector graphics printing device (plotters)

Question 29

Pixels

Answer 29

the small dots that make up camera monitors

Question 30

resolution

Answer 30

defined by the amount of pixels inside a defined dimension, “dots per inch”