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Bio 181 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Process that manufactures _________

A

Sugar (glucose)

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2
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

Process that manufactures sugar (glucose)

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3
Q

CO2+2H2O+light energy > (CH2O)n + H2O+O2
^ carbon dioxide ^formaldehyde

A

Reverse of oxidative respiration

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4
Q

Producers

A

Autotrophs

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5
Q

Organism that eats other plants of animals for energy and nutrients

A

Heterotrophs

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6
Q

How many set of reactions does photosynthesis have ?

A

2

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7
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur

A

In the chloroplast

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8
Q

Is photosynthesis light dependent ?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Creates O2 from (H2O ATP) and NADPH
Light ^energy

A

Photosynthesis

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10
Q

Photosynthesis creates __________ using CO2

A

Glucose

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11
Q

Organelle which captures photo of light from the sun

A

Chloroplast

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12
Q

Chloroplast converts H20+_______ = glucose

A

CO2

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13
Q

Reactions occur in the _________ of chloroplast

A

Thylakoids

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14
Q

What’s inside the chloroplast

A

Thylakoids
Lumen
Stroma
Chlorophyll

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15
Q

Light dependent, vesicle like structure

A

Thylakoids

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16
Q

Space inside the thylakoid

A

Lumen

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17
Q

Fluid-filled space between thylakoids

A

Stroma

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18
Q

In the thylakoid membrane, absorb blue/red light
Transmit green light

A

Chlorophyll

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19
Q

Absorbs photons of light
-packet of light containing energy
-wave or particle

A

Chlorophyll

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20
Q

Different energy absorbing pigment

A

Carotenoid

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21
Q

Absorbs wavelengths chlorophyll doesn’t

A

Carotenoids

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22
Q

Protect chlorophyll and others from destructive UV radiation
-sunscreen for plants

A

Flavonoids

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23
Q

What happens when pigments absorb photons ?

A

Increases energy state of electron

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24
Q

______ chlorophyll molecules per thylakoid

A

200-300

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25
Q

What is grouped into complexes called photosystems containing

A

Chlorophyll molecules

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26
Q

Antenna complex

A

Red or blue photon strikes

27
Q

Reaction center

A

Electromagnetic energy»» chemical energy

28
Q

Contains photosystem 1 and photosystem 2

A

Reaction center

29
Q

Moves electrons
-also moves H+ (protons) across thylakoid membrane

A

Plastoquinone (PQ)

30
Q

Creates gradient
Later this gradient will be used to make _____

A

ATP

31
Q

Accepts electron
Moves it to ETC

A

Pheophytin

32
Q

Delete

A

L o

33
Q

What system uses ferredoxin to shuttle electrons and photons

A

How photosystem 1 works

34
Q

Makes NADPH from NADP+

A

Photosystem 1

35
Q

How do the two systems work together ?

A

Zscheme
Notice PC (plastocyanin) moves electron from photosystem 2 to 1

36
Q

Photosystem 2 sends electron to ETC
—adds to ATP production
hint ___…phosphorylation

A

Cyclic Phosphorylation

37
Q

ATP and NADPH now used to make ______

A

Glucose

38
Q

ATP and NADPH now used to make glucose
Light _____ reaction

A

Happens during light independent reaction

39
Q

Calvin cycle

A

Happens during light INDEPENDENT reactions

40
Q

3 phases for Calvin cycle

A

Fixation, reduction , regeneration

41
Q

Occurs in the chloroplast Stroma occurs in ______ ________ cycle

A

Light independent cycle

42
Q

Ribulose biphosphate reacts with CO2 during

A

Happens during fixation

43
Q

Produces ___ carbon compound

A

6
(Happens during fixation)

44
Q

When does it split in two> 3-phosphoglerate

A

Happens during fixation

45
Q

Rubisco enzyme happens

A

Happens during fixation

46
Q

When is CO2 used ?

A

Happens during fixation

47
Q

When does ATP phosphorylates 3-phosphoglycerate happen?

A

Happens during reduction

48
Q

When does NADPH reduce it

A

Happens during reduction

49
Q

When does Together these products glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) happen
-a little goes to glucose

A

Happens during reduction

50
Q

What happens during regeneration
Some G3P is used to regenerate _____

A

RuBP
2 turns to make 1 glucose molecule

51
Q

Some G3P is used to regenerate RuBP

A

Happens during regeneration

52
Q

2 turns to make 1 glucose molecule

A

Regeneration

53
Q

Photorespiration

A

Reverse photosynthesis

54
Q

What happens if O2 levels climb inside a plant cell

A

Photorespiration

55
Q

Oxygen out-competes CO2 in Rubisco

A

Happens if O2 levels climb inside a plant cell

56
Q

How does CO2 get to rubisco

A

Stomata

57
Q

Stomata

A

2 guard cells
Creates pore when CO2 levels inside drop

58
Q

Why aren’t stomata open all the time ?

A

Water loss

Will close if it is hot and dry during the day

59
Q

CAM Approach

A

Desert plants

60
Q

C4 plants

A

85% of plants

61
Q

C-4 plants
Organic acids release ____ to ______ stockpile C02 where rubisco is not active

A

4-c organic acids release CO2 to rubisco
Stockpile CO2 where rubisco is not active

62
Q

CAM Plants
Stockpile _____ at night
_____ is not active in them

A

Stockpile CO2 at night
Rubisco is not active in them

63
Q

What happens after glucose is made

A

2 G3P make a glucose molecule
-produce sucrose
-these are linked to make starch

64
Q

Overall equation

A

12H20+6CO2+12NADPH+18ATP->12NADP++18ADP+Pi

Bio 181 (9 decks)

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