Chapter 11

Question 1

A nuclear division mechanism that halves chromosome numbers

Answer 1

Meiosis

Question 2

Gene variation that side by mutation and exist at the same relative location on homologous chromosome

Answer 2

Allele

Question 3

Sexual reproduction mixes up alleles from two parents

Answer 3

Allele

Question 4

Reproductive cell of parents

Answer 4

Gametes

Question 5

Sexual reproduction involved the fusion of _____ from two parents

Answer 5

Gametes

Question 6

_____ separated the chromosomes of one diploid nucleus (2N) into four haploid (n) nuclei

Answer 6

Meiosis

Question 7

In ___________, each duplicated HOMOLOGOUS chromosomes is separated from its partner

Answer 7

Meiosis 1

Question 8

In ____________, sister CHROMATIDS are separated

Answer 8

MEIOSIS 2

Question 9

The two cell divisions result in four ____________, rather than two __________ in mitosis

Answer 9

Daughter cells

Question 10

Each ______________ has only half as many chromosomes as the parent cell

Answer 10

Daughter cell

Question 11

Meiosis of primary spermatocytes produce four haploid spermatids which mature into _____

Answer 11

Sperm

Question 12

Chance combination of maternal and paternal chromosomes through fertilization produce a unique combination of genetic information

Answer 12

Fertilization

Question 13

Fertilization:

Answer 13

Diploid zygote

Question 14

Carrying two sets of chromosomes

Answer 14

Diploid

Question 15

Non sister chromatids of one homologous chromosomes exchange DNA segments with the other by ____

Answer 15

Crossing over

Question 16

The ______ is the point where crossing over has occurred

Answer 16

Chasmata

Question 17

Chromosomes duplicates

Answer 17

S phase

Question 18

Chromosomes begin to condense
Nuclear envelope begins to break down
Homologous chromosome loosely pair up, aligned gene by gene (synapsis) forming a tetrad

Answer 18

Prophase 1

Question 19

Homologous chromosomes attached to spindle microtubules at kinetochore

Answer 19

Prometaphase 1

Question 20

Homologous chromosomes randomly assembled at metaphase (independent assortment)

Answer 20

Metaphase 1

Question 21

Pair of homologous chromosomes separating - not sister chromatids
One chromosomes move toward each pole, sister chromatids remain attached at the centromere and move together

Answer 21

Anaphase 1

Question 22

Sister chromatids arrive at poles of cell
Cleavage furrow forms
Cytokinesis usually occurs simultaneously, forming two haploid daughter cells

Answer 22

Telophase 1 and cytokinesis

Question 23

Sister chromatids condense
Nuclear envelope begins to break down

Answer 23

Prophase 2

Question 24

Spindle fibers attached to kinetiochore on sister chromatids

Answer 24

Prometaphase 2

Question 25

Sister chromatids are arranged at the metaphase plate

Answer 25

Metaphase 2

Question 26

Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles

Answer 26

Anaphase 2

Question 27

Chromosomes arrive at poles, nuclei form
Cytokinesis occurs forms four haploid cells

Answer 27

Telophase 2 and cytokinesis