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Bio 181 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

P M A T

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

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2
Q

Allows multicellular eukaryote to develop from a single cell and ______, _______, or _______ cells as needed

A

Renew, repair , replace

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3
Q

Most cell division results in the disrubution of identical genetic material DNA to _________

A

Two daughter cells

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4
Q

Double stranded DNA in a cell

A

Genome

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5
Q

Body cells humans have 23 chromosomes each total of 46

A

Somatic cell

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6
Q

Pairs of chromosomes having the same length shape and gene one from mother,father

A

Homologous chromosomes

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7
Q

Humans have _____(____ pairs) of homologous chromosomes

A

46 (23)

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8
Q

Functional unit of chromosome, code for specific protein

A

Gene

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9
Q

Gene is located in a certain location on a chromosome called a ______

A

Locus

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10
Q

Two sets of homologous chromosomes (one from each biological parent)

A

Diploid (n) (somatic)

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11
Q

One set of chromosomes

A

Haploid (n)

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12
Q

Humans _____ cells are called Gametes or sex cells (egg, sperm)

A

Haploid

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13
Q

A sequence of three stages

A

Cell cycle

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14
Q

Cell cycle; interphase, _________, cytoplasmic, division

A

Mitosis

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15
Q

What produces two daughter cells

A

Cell cycle

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16
Q

Three stages, during which a cell increases in size, doubles the number of cytoplasmic components and replicates its DNA

A

Interphase

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17
Q

Interval of cell growth and activity

A

G1

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18
Q

Interval of DNA replication (synthesis)

A

S

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19
Q

Interval when the cell prepares for division

A

G2

20
Q

Most cell activities take place during ___

A

G1

21
Q

Los of control may cause ______________

A

Cell death or cancer

22
Q

1st step of mitosis

A

Prophase

23
Q

Chromosomes condense and become visible

A

Prophase

24
Q

Spindle fibers emerge from the centresomes

A

Prophase

25
Q

Nuclear envelop breaks down

A

Prophase

26
Q

.chromosome condense
Kinetochore appears at cetrosomes
Mitosis spindle attaches to kinetochore
Centrosome moves towards opposite poles

A

Prometaphase

27
Q

Centrosome at opposite ends
Chromosome lined up at metaphase plate
Each sister chromatid attached to spindle

A

Metaphase

28
Q

Sister chromatid (now chromosomes) move towards opposite pole
Non-kinetchore spindle fibers lengthen elongating cell

A

Anaphase

29
Q

Chromosome arrive at opposite poles and being to condense
Nuclear envelop surrounds each set of chromosomes
Two new nuclei are formed, each with the same chromosome number as the parent cell

A

Telophase

30
Q

Physical separation of cytoplasm

A

Cytokineses

31
Q

A cleavage furrow forms at metaphase plate

A

Animal cells

32
Q

Cell plate
Formation of cell wall that produce two daughter cells

A

Plant cells

33
Q

G1 check point
All conditions are favorable for cell to divide

A

G1 check point

34
Q

All chromosomes are replicated DNA not damaged

A

G2 check point

35
Q

End of metaphase
All sister chromatids are attached to spindle fibers

A

M check point

36
Q

Uncontrolled cell division
Malignant
Metastasis

A

Cancer

37
Q

Mutated version of a normal gene involved in positive regulation of a cell cycle

A

Oncogene

38
Q

Normal gene, when mutated turns to oncogene

A

Proto-oncogene

39
Q

Segment of DNA that codes for regulator protein that prevents cell from undergoing uncontrolled division

A

Tumor suppressor genes

40
Q

Binary Fission; a sexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies

A

How prokaryotes divide

41
Q

Prophase “means ____”

A

Before

42
Q

Metaphase “means M for _______”””

A

Middle

43
Q

Anaphase “ A for _____”

A

Away

44
Q

Telophase “ T for ____”

A

Two end goal two new cells

45
Q

Responsible for the final separation of the two cells by splitting the cytoplasm after the PMAT mitosis stages

A

Cytokinesis

Bio 181 (9 decks)

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