Chapter 14

Question 1

Pyrimidines

Answer 1

Cytosine, thymine
Uracil (RNA)

Question 2

Purine

Answer 2

Adenine Guanine

Question 3

Nucleotides

Answer 3

Cytosine, thymine, adenine, guanine, uracil

Question 4

5’end (phosphate group)

Answer 4

Thymine, cytosine

Question 5

3’end (hydroxyl)

Answer 5

Adenine
Guanine

Question 6

Base pair stabilize by hydrogen bonds

Answer 6

Adenine - thymine
Guanine - cytosine

Question 7

A new DNA strand can elongate _______ in the ____________ direction

Answer 7

Only,
5’ to 3’

Question 8

Topoisomerase

Answer 8

Under winding or over winding of DNA

Question 9

DNA Helicase; opens up the DNA helix by _________________

Answer 9

Breaking the hydrogen bonds

Question 10

Primase

Answer 10

Synthasize the RNA primer

Question 11

Primer is needed for DNA pol to start _________ of new DNA strand

Answer 11

Synthesis

Question 12

(DNA Polymerase)

Removes RNA primer with new DNA

Answer 12

DNA pol 1

Question 13

DNA Pol 2

Answer 13

Repairs

Question 14

(DNA polymerase)

Adds nucleotides in the 5’3 direction

Answer 14

DNA pol 3

Question 15

Linkage between 5’ OH and 5’ phosphate ends of DNA, seals Okazaki fragments

Answer 15

DNA ligase

Question 16

Special nucleotide sequence end of DNA in eukaryote

Answer 16

Telomeres

Question 17

Catalyze lengthening of telomere

Answer 17

TeloMERASE

Question 18

How repairs are made to DNA

Answer 18

Proofreading

Question 19

Mismatched bases are removed after replication

Answer 19

Mismatch repair

Question 20

Enzyme replace incorrect bases by making a cut 3’ and 5’ ends

Answer 20

Nucleotide excision repair

Question 21

Mutation affect a single base Pair

Answer 21

Point mutation

Question 22

Purine or pyramidine being replaced by base of same kind

Answer 22

Transition substitution

Question 23

Insertion or deletion of nucleotide may result in a shift in the reading frame or insertion of a stop condone

Answer 23

Frameshift mutation