Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Cytosine, thymine
Uracil (RNA)

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2
Q

Purine

A

Adenine Guanine

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3
Q

Nucleotides

A

Cytosine, thymine, adenine, guanine, uracil

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4
Q

5’end (phosphate group)

A

Thymine, cytosine

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5
Q

3’end (hydroxyl)

A

Adenine
Guanine

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6
Q

Base pair stabilize by hydrogen bonds

A

Adenine - thymine
Guanine - cytosine

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7
Q

A new DNA strand can elongate _______ in the ____________ direction

A

Only,
5’ to 3’

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8
Q

Topoisomerase

A

Under winding or over winding of DNA

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9
Q

DNA Helicase; opens up the DNA helix by _________________

A

Breaking the hydrogen bonds

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10
Q

Primase

A

Synthasize the RNA primer

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11
Q

Primer is needed for DNA pol to start _________ of new DNA strand

A

Synthesis

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12
Q

(DNA Polymerase)

Removes RNA primer with new DNA

A

DNA pol 1

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13
Q

DNA Pol 2

A

Repairs

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14
Q

(DNA polymerase)

Adds nucleotides in the 5’3 direction
A

DNA pol 3

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15
Q

Linkage between 5’ OH and 5’ phosphate ends of DNA, seals Okazaki fragments

A

DNA ligase

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16
Q

Special nucleotide sequence end of DNA in eukaryote

A

Telomeres

17
Q

Catalyze lengthening of telomere

A

TeloMERASE

18
Q

How repairs are made to DNA

A

Proofreading

19
Q

Mismatched bases are removed after replication

A

Mismatch repair

20
Q

Enzyme replace incorrect bases by making a cut 3’ and 5’ ends

A

Nucleotide excision repair

21
Q

Mutation affect a single base Pair

A

Point mutation

22
Q

Purine or pyramidine being replaced by base of same kind

A

Transition substitution

23
Q

Insertion or deletion of nucleotide may result in a shift in the reading frame or insertion of a stop condone

A

Frameshift mutation