Chapter 78: Miscellaneous Antibacterial Flashcards
Fluoroquinolones
Excellent absorption and bioavailability
Available in PO and IV form
Widely distributed (except CNS infections)
-floxin drugs
easy IV to PO transition
FQ MOA
Inhibits DNA Replication and cell division
bactericidal
Ciprofloxacin
Gram +, Gram – (pseudomonas coverage).
Used most often in Urinary Infections (Not 1st line because resistance)
Can be used in Infectious Diarrhea
floxin for resp infections
Levofloxacin (Levaquin) ***
Gram +, Gram – anaerobes, pseudomonas and atypicals
Use this often for CAP
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
the is last option. want to save to prevent resistance.
1st line for resp infections
doxycycline, zithromax, cephalosporines
if these do not work, go to levofloxin
ADR for FQ
Tendonitis (Rupture)*; QT prolongation *, photosensitivity, confusion, dizziness, sz
d/c if c/o pain
contrindications for FQ
Contraindicated in <12: Musculoskeletal
FQ therapeutic goal
tx of infection
FQ identifying high risk pt
Patients over 60 and with renal impairment and QT prolongation
evaluating therapeutic effects of FQ
Monitor for reduction in bacterial symptoms: fever edema, pain, inflammation. Symptoms resolve
FQ min ADR
Report tendon injury and avoid prolong sun exposure.
commonly AB for anaerobes
clindamycin, Metronidazole, 2nd gen cephalo
Metronidazole (Flagyl)
Antibacterial/ Antiparasitic* causing inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis and ultimately cell death.
Used Primarily as anaerobic antibiotic to treat disorders of the gut/groin caused by anaerobic bacteria and protozoal infections.
flagyl uses
Flagyl works on Strange Bugs:
amoebas, parasites, c-diff, anaerobes (w/o O2 in the gut)
Bacterial Vaginosis
C. Diff Colitis
Amoeba’s; Giardia, Trichomonas
Prophylaxis in GI surgery
Treats H pylori in combo with other meds
flagyl ADR
Metallic taste
Peripheral neuropathy
GI
Kidney (brown urine)
Disulfiram Reaction (ETOH + Drug).
