Chapter 14: Muscarinic Antagonists (Anticholinergics)

Question 1

anticholinergics

Answer 1

Cholinergic blocking agents
inhibit Ach
opposite effect of cholinergic meds
Blocks PNS effects
In medicine, the use of cholinergic antagonists is limited BC of the propensity to cause adverse effects in any organ under the control of the PNS

Question 2

oxybutynin (ditropan) + tolterodine (detrl)

Answer 2

used for overactive bladder (urgency IC)
bladder relaxes aand spincter contracts

Question 3

tropicamide, cyclopentolate

Answer 3

dialate pupils

Question 4

atropine

Answer 4

IV, IM, SQ, eye
treat slow HR, decrease saliva and sputum production during surergy
antidoet for cholinergic OD

Question 5

scopolamine

Answer 5

for motion sick and poduces sedation
can be given at end of life to reduce resp. sputum

Question 6

side effects for anticholinergics

Answer 6

Side effects
Tachycardia, blurred vision, dry mouth and skin, abdominal distention, urinary retention, constipation.
Contraindicated in glaucoma and BPH (constricts prostate)

Question 7

safety an monitoring for anticholinergcis

Answer 7

Monitor vital signs, urine output, bowel sounds
(SE: constipation, dry mouth, decreased urinary output)
Provide mouth care (hard candy, saliva subs, ice chips, etc.) and eye drops
Avoid hot environments

Question 8

anticholinergic poision sources

Answer 8

Belladonna, atropine, scopolamine, antihistamines, phenothiazines, TCA)

Question 9

anticholinergic poisoning s/sx

Answer 9

Dry mouth, blurred vision, hyperthermia, CNS effects, hot dry skin and flushed

Question 10

anticholinergic poisoning tx

Answer 10

Discontinu agent
Activated charcoal
Administer antidote
physostigmine