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Terminology > Chapter 7 - Urinary > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

urinary system purpose

A

removal of waste by filtering blood

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2
Q

urea

A

major waste product of protein

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3
Q

homeostasis

A

internal equilibrium

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4
Q

home/o

A

unchanging

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5
Q

urin/o or ur/o

A

pertaining to urinary organs

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6
Q

retroperitoneally

A

located outside the peritoneal cavity

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7
Q

kidneys

A

retroperitoneal, one on each side of vertebral column below diaphragm

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8
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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9
Q

ren/o

A

used as an adjective for kidneys

(ie. renal disease)

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10
Q

cortex

A

outer layer of kidney

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11
Q

cortic/o

A

outer region

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12
Q

medulla

A

inner layer of kidney

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13
Q

medull/o

A

inner portion

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14
Q

nephron

A

functional unit of kidney

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15
Q

glomerulus

A

cluster of capillaries that filter blood in nephron

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16
Q

bowman’s capsule

A

cup-shaped structure that holds glomerulus in nephron

bowman’s + glomerulus = renal corpuscle

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17
Q

glumerol/o

A

to wind into a ball

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18
Q

proximal convoluted tubules

A

hollow tubes between bowman’s capsule and loops of henle, involved in reabsorption

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19
Q

loop of henle

A

U shaped turn in convoluted tubule of kidney, reabsorption

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20
Q

distal convoluted tubules

A

hollow tubes between loops of henle and collecting tubules, secretion

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21
Q

collecting tubules

A

hollow tubes that carry urine from cortex to renal pelvis

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22
Q

renal pelvis

A

area in kidney where nephrons collect urine before entering ureters

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23
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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24
Q

calcyes

A

where renal pelvis collects urine from (irregular cuplike spaces)

calyx = singular

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25
convulted
rolled/coiled
26
hilus
point of attachment or depression
27
voiding, micturition
other terms for elimination
28
urinary bladder
singe, hollow muscular organ that holds urine
29
cyst/o
urinary bladder
30
ureters
pair of narrow tubes that carry urine from kidneys to bladder
31
ureter/o
ureter
32
trigone
triangular portion at base of bladder where ureters enter
33
urethra
tube extending from bladder to outside body
34
urethr/o
urethra
35
urethral meatus
external opening of urethra
36
meat/o
opening
37
urine
end product of renal filtration
38
uropoiesis
process of urine production
39
-poiesis
formation
40
-chrome
colour
41
turbid
cloudy
42
erythropoietin
hormone made by kidney that stimulates RBC production in marrow
43
antidiuretic (ADH)
hormone released by pituitary that suppresses urine by reabsorbing more water
44
aldosterone
hormone release by adrenals that regulates electrolyte balance by reabsorbing sodium
45
cystocentesis
puncture of bladder to collect urine
46
cystography
radiographic study of bladder after contrast material is placed in bladder via catheter
47
cystogram
radiographic film of bladder after contrast material has been placed
48
cytoscopy
visual examination of bladder using fiberoptic instrument (cytoscope)
49
intravenous pyelogram
radiographic study of kidney and ureters, dye injected into vein to define structures clearly
50
pneumocystography
radiographic study of bladder after air has been placed via catheter
51
scout film
plain X-ray done without use of contrast material
52
retrograde pyelogram
radiographic study of kidney and ureters, contrast material placed directly in bladder
53
urinalysis
examination of urine components
54
urinary catheterization
insertion of tube through urethra into bladder
55
albuminuria
presence of major blood protein in urine
56
anuria
complete suppression of urine production
57
bacteruria
presence of bacteria in urine
58
crystalluria
urine with crystals
59
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
60
glucosuria/glycosuria
glucose in urine
61
hematuria
blood in urine
62
ketonuria
presence of ketones (from increased fat metabolism, less carbohydrate metabolism) in urines
63
nocturia
excessive urination at night
64
oliguria
scant urine
65
pollakiuria
frequent urination (many times)
66
polyuria
excessive urination (amount)
67
proteinuria
protein in urine
68
pyuria
pus in urine
69
stranguria
slow or painful urination
70
azotemia
urea/other nitrogenous elements in blood azot/o = urea/nitrogen
71
calculus
abnormal mineral deposit -lith = stone/calculus
72
casts
fibrous/protein material in urine with renal disease
73
cystalgia/dynia
bladder pain
74
cystitis
bladder inflammation
75
cystocele
displacement of bladder through vaginal wall
76
epispadias
urethra opens on dorsum of penis
77
glomerulonephritis
kidney inflammation involving glomeruli
78
hydronephrosis
dilation of renal pelvis from obstructed urine flow
79
hydroureter
distension of ureter with urine from blockage
80
hypospadias
urethra opens on ventral surface of penis
81
interstitial cystitis
inflammation within bladder wall
82
-lithiasis
presence of stones
83
nephrectasis
distension of kidneys -ectasis = distension/stretching
84
nephrolith
kidney stone
85
nephrosclerosis
kidney hardening
86
-ptosis
drooping
87
prolapse
downward displacement of organ
88
nephroptosis
prolapsed kidney
89
pyelitis
renal pelvis inflammation
90
pyelonephritis
renal pelvis + kidney inflammation
91
diuresis
elevated excretion of urine
92
diuretics
drugs that increase urine production
93
renal infarction
obstruction of blood flow to kidneys
94
uremia
waste products in blood
95
ureterectasis
distension of ureter
96
urethritis
urethra inflammation
97
urethrostenosis
stricture (band of tissue narrowing a passage) of urethra
98
uro/cystolith
bladder stone
99
cystectomy
removal of bladder
100
cystopexy
fixing bladder to abdominal wall
101
cystoplasty
repairing bladder
102
cystostomy
opening between skin and bladder
103
cystotomy
incision in bladder
104
dialysis
removal of blood waste when kidneys aren't functioning (peritonial [through peritoneal fluid] or hemo [machine filtering blood])
105
lithotripsy
destruction of stone -tripsy = crush
106
perineal urethrostomy
permanent opening between urethra and skin between anus and scrotum

Terminology (22 decks)

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