Anatomical Terms

Question 1

arcade

Answer 1

how teeth are arranged

Question 2

lingual surface

Answer 2

surface of teeth touching tongue

Question 3

palatal surface

Answer 3

tooth surface of maxilla that touches tongue

Question 4

buccal/vestibular surface

Answer 4

aspect of teeth touching cheeks

Question 5

occlusal surface

Answer 5

aspect of teeth that meets when chewing

Question 6

labial surface

Answer 6

tooth surfacing facing lips

Question 7

contact surfaces

Answer 7

aspect of tooth that touch other teeth
- mesial: aspect closest to midline of dental arcade
- distal: furthest from midline

Question 8

cavity

Answer 8

hollow space in the body that contains organs

Question 9

peritoneum

Answer 9

membrane lining walls of abdominal and pelvic cavities
- parietal: outer layer lining cavities
- visceral: inner layer surrounding organs

Question 10

peritonitis

Answer 10

inflammation of the peritoneum

Question 11

umbilicus

Answer 11

pit in the abdominal wall where the umbilical cord was

Question 12

mesentery

Answer 12

layer of peritoneum that suspends parts of the intestines in the abdominal cavity

Question 13

retroperitoneal

Answer 13

superficial to the peritoneum

Question 14

dorsal recumbency

Answer 14

lying on back

AKA supine

Question 15

ventral/sternal recumbency

Answer 15

lying on belly

AKA prone

Question 16

adduction

Answer 16

movement towards midline

Question 17

abduction

Answer 17

movement away from midline

Question 18

flexion

Answer 18

closure of a joint (flexing bicep)

Question 19

extension

Answer 19

straightening a joint

Question 20

supination

Answer 20

rotating limb so palmar surface is turned upward

Question 21

pronation

Answer 21

rotating the limb so the palmar surface is turned downward

Question 22

protoplasm

Answer 22

cell membrane + cytoplasm + nucleus

Question 23

cell membrane

Answer 23

lining of cells

Question 24

cytoplasm

Answer 24

gelatinous material in membrane that is not part of the nucleus
- organelles are found here

Question 25

nucleus

Answer 25

contains nucleoplasm, chromosomes

Question 26

nuceloplasm

Answer 26

material in nucleus

Question 27

chromosomes

Answer 27

DNA in nucleus

Question 28

congenital

Answer 28

present at birth

Question 29

tissue

Answer 29

group of cells similar in structure and function

Question 30

epithelial tissue

Answer 30

covers internal and external surfaces

Question 31

endothelium

Answer 31

epithelium of internal organs

Question 32

mesothelium

Answer 32

epithelium of serous membranes

Question 33

connective tissue

Answer 33

support and structure

Question 34

muscle tissue

Answer 34

cells that can contract and relax

Question 35

nervous tissue

Answer 35

cells that can react and send impulses

Question 36

anaplasia

Answer 36

change in structure of cells and their orientation

Question 37

aplasia

Answer 37

lack of development of organ/tissue/cell

Question 38

dysplasia

Answer 38

abnormal growth of organ/tissue/cell

Question 39

hyperplasia

Answer 39

abnormal increase in cells

Question 40

hypoplasia

Answer 40

incomplete development of organ/tissue/cells

Question 41

neoplasia

Answer 41

new uncontrolled growth of cells (forms tumours = mass of tissue)

Question 42

benign

Answer 42

not recurring

Question 43

malignant

Answer 43

spreading

Question 44

atrophy

Answer 44

decrease in size

Question 45

dystrophy

Answer 45

defective growth in organ/tissue/cell

Question 46

hypertrophy

Answer 46

increase in size of organ/tissue/cell

Question 47

glands

Answer 47

groups of cells that secrete

Question 48

exocrine gland

Answer 48

secrete outside of body via ducts

Question 49

endocrine gland

Answer 49

secrete directly into blood, no ducts