Chapter 7 until Memory

Question 1

What is Information Processing Approach

Answer 1

analyzes how individuals manipulate info, monitor it, and create strategies for handling it,

Question 2

How do children react to the IPA

Answer 2

cognitive development results from their ability to overcome processing limitations by increasingly executing basic operations, expanding info processing capacity, and acquiring new knowledge and strategies

Question 3

What is the Capacity and Speed of processing info(cognitive resources)

Answer 3

increases across childhood and adolescence, Capacity is measured by children being able to hold several dimensions of a topic at the same time, reaction time is used for speed

Question 4

What are the 3 mechanisms of change

Answer 4

Encoding, Automaticity, Strategy Construction

Question 5

What is encoding

Answer 5

how info gets into the brain

Question 6

What is automaticity

Answer 6

ability to process info with little to no effort(related to schemas)

Question 7

What is Strategy Construction

Answer 7

creation of new procedures for processing info

Question 8

What is Metacognition

Answer 8

knowing about knowing, like knowing that writing is better for you so you write it out

Question 9

How does IPA compare to Piaget

Answer 9

no distinct stages, gradual, kid doesn’t have info already but learns way to process info better but still constructivist in where children are directing cog development

Question 10

What is Attention

Answer 10

focusing on mental resources improves cog processing for tasks, 4 types: Selective attention, divided attention, sustained attention, executive attention

Question 11

What is Selective attention

Answer 11

focusing on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant while ignoring others that are irrelevant

Question 12

What is divided attention

Answer 12

concentrating on more than one activity at the same time

Question 13

What is sustained attention

Answer 13

maintaining attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of attention

Question 14

What is executive attention

Answer 14

planning actions, allocating attention to goals, detecting errors and compensating for them, monitoring progress on tasks, dealing with a novel or difficult task

Question 15

What are some ways that infants can pay attention

Answer 15

habituation or dis-habituation, exploration, investigation, joint attention

Question 16

What is habituation

Answer 16

decreased reaction after repeatedly presentation of a stimulus

Question 17

What is dishabituation

Answer 17

recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation

Question 18

What is attention and how does it influences info process

Answer 18

attention is focusing on mental resources, it gives us the cog ability to complete tasks

Question 19

How does attention affect infants

Answer 19

first year is all about orienting/investigating process, joint attention can help infants learn, habituation helps determine infants well being

Question 20

What is joint attention

Answer 20

focusing attention with someone else, someone points at something and u both look

Question 21

How does attention affect childhood

Answer 21

salient(obvious) stimuli, flashy cartoons are better for childhood attention than boring ones