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Child Development > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

What are different families

A

A group of 2 or more people related by birth, marriage, or adoption who live together,
Social groups made up of parents and their children
Group of people who come from the same ancestor
Group of people living together in a household

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2
Q

What is family science

A

relationship-focused, evidence based, preventative, translational, and strengths oriented

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3
Q

What are Family processes

A

things families do as a system to adjust woth new situations and needs

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4
Q

What are some family processes

A

decision-making/problem-solving
parenting/childrearing/socialization
Coping
results/rituals

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5
Q

What are the Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory

A

social contexts that influence child development

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6
Q

What are the 5 social contexts of Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory

A

Chronosystem, Macrosystem, exosystem, Mesosystem, Microsystem

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7
Q

What is a microsystem

A

family, home life

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8
Q

What is a mesosystem

A

friends, school

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9
Q

What are an exosystem

A

social media, work, indirect environment

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10
Q

Macrosystem

A

religion values, social and cultural values

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11
Q

What is a chronosystem

A

Children who were born with social interactions with wearing masks, changes over time

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12
Q

What are some critiques of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory?

A

Unique variations for children that experience marginalization(think intersectionality)

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13
Q

How does the Cultural Majority think of their status vs the cultural minority

A

Majority think it isn’t part of identity, minority think dimensions are a major part of their identity

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14
Q

What is mutual synchrony

A

Person’s behavior depends on the partner’s previous behavior

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15
Q

How does mutual synchrony relate to parent and children

A

parent-child relationships are positively related to children’s social competence(scaffolding)

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16
Q

What is reciprocal socialization

A

bidirectional socialization, children socialize parents just as parents socialize children

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17
Q

What are some examples of parents and children socializing each other

A

playdates(the parents interact with the kids and build off each other)
Children need a phone(checking with friends as well as parents, parents discussing if they should give phone to each other)
playing video games

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18
Q

What is the Family systems theory?

A

Mutual synchrony, dyadic and polyadic subsystems, bidirectional and reciprocal socialization, direct and indirect interactions between children and parents

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19
Q

How does mutual synchrony work in to the family systems theory

A

all layers(sibling interacting with each vs interacting with parents) in order for the family to function they must work together

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20
Q

What are dyadic subsystems?

A

between two people, mom and dad

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21
Q

What are Polyadic subsystem

A

parental and sibling system interact, relationships that operate in synchronicity between two or more people

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22
Q

what is the theory of human behavior

A

Family unit as a complex social system, in which members interact to influence each other’s behavior, family members interconnect, allowing to view the system as whole rather than individual elements

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23
Q

How does the theory of human behavior affect the

A

affects the processes because if someone new is born or new environments are created(divorce moving, etc) it impacts the way we interact with each other and with the child, and the parenting styles for that kid

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24
Q

What is co parenting

A

parents parent but are no longer a couple or together(divorce)

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25
Q

Parental thoughts, beliefs, and values about parenting turn into

A

positive or negative child outcomes

26
Q

Increased interactions with parents turn into

A

Express emotions which turn into greater social competence

27
Q

Parental Sensitivity to child emotion turn into

A

Positive emotional management in Children

28
Q

What are some factors that affect adult development trajectories`

A

timing of entry in to marriage, cohabitation, and/or parenthood

29
Q

What are some factors that affect child/adolescent development trajectories

A

timing of childcare, entry into school, older or younger siblings

30
Q

Some factors that affect the family

A

some timing of family task and changes are planned(reentry into workforce, delaying parenthood), but some are not(job loss, divorce)

31
Q

What are some advantages of having children earlier

A

Parents have more physical energy, mother has less medical problems, parents have less expectations for children

32
Q

What are some advantages of having children in thirties

A

parents have considered life goals that they want from family and career
parents will be more mature and competent parents
better established in their career and have more income for the child
more secure finances

33
Q

What are the five domains of domain-specific socialization(parents socialize children)

A

Protection, Reciprocity, Control, Guided Learning, Group participation

34
Q

What is protection

A

child develops sense of security and perceives being comforted, outcomes= child being able to respond appropriately to danger and to engage in self regulation of distress

35
Q

What is Reciprocity

A

parent and child are equal basis as partners( context of play), outcomes= child develops cooperativeness and desire to comply with parental requests

36
Q

What is control

A

interaction between parents and children involves conflict because parents want one thing and children want another, often when children misbehave; parents may use power to discourage behavior through reasoning, punishment, social isolation, outcomes= development of moral and principled behavior

37
Q

What is guided learning

A

Parents guide children’s learning of skills through the use of effective strategies and feedback, parents are teachers and children are students, outcomes= acquiring knowledge and skills

38
Q

What is group participation

A

Socialization involves increasing children’s participation in cultural practices, outcomes= include conformity to cultural group practices and values that provide child with sense of social identity

39
Q

How do we parent?

A

We will take from our parents, the good and the bad

40
Q

How do the parents parent during inancy

A

the gradual shift from routing caregiving to non caregiver activities such as play

41
Q

How do parents parent during childhood

A

focus on matters such as modesty and compliance(bedtimes, temper, fighting, eating, dressing)

42
Q

What are the 4 types of parenting styles

A

Permissive, Authoritative, Uninvolved, Authoritarian

43
Q

What is Authoritarian parenting

A

restrictive, punitive, often with many punishments for unexplained rules, firm limits, and controlling, related to children having weak communication and social incompetence

44
Q

What is Authoritative parenting

A

Want children to be independent but still have controls and limits, give and take with warm nursing relationship, related to children having good social competence and achievement-related and self-reliant

45
Q

what is uninvolved parenting

A

neglectful, often making other aspects more important than children, related to children having low self-esteem, immaturity, and delinquency

46
Q

What is permissive parenting

A

Giving child everything they want, highly involved with few limits and controls, makes children never able to control themselves and make them think the only way is their way, this relates to a child unable to learn respect, being domineering, egocentric, noncompliant, and having troubles with peers

47
Q

Parental monitoring and adolescence

A

Research shows more monitoring = less info disclosed; important to balance parental monitoring and not be on kids head to tell them everything if they want to know whats going on in their life

48
Q

Parents as managers of childrens lives

A

Parents supervise the choice of social settings, activities, friends, and academic efforts as children but stop once they become adolescents

49
Q

Old Model of parenting

A

Autonomy; parents aren’t really involved or the adolescents don’t really want them to be

50
Q

New model of parenting

A

Attachment and autonomy; parents are important support systems and attachment source

51
Q

Conflict

A

Adolescents push for autonomy and responsibility puzzles and angers many parents causing conflict

52
Q

what model is best response to conflict

A

new model

53
Q

Parent-adolescent relatiosnhips and conflict

A

conflict happens over small everyday things>major dilemmas; more conflict earlier adolescence, less in later adolescence

54
Q

Sibling relationships

A

Conflict between siblings is common
Higher sibling conflict = linked to increased depressive and delinquency symptoms
Higher sibling intimacy is related to prosocial behavior
Sibling relationships are not as close, not as intense, and more egalitarian than in childhood

55
Q

Common parental reaction to sibling conflict

A

Intervene and resolve
Intentionally ignore
Least likely to encourage physical confrontations
Developmental theory on this look into i

56
Q

Birth order

A

Oldest- perfectionsit, achiever, bossy, responsible, motivated
Middle child- adaptable, independent, people pleaser, feels left out
Youngest- social, charming, outgoing, uncomplicated, seeks attention

Only child- blend of the three; leader, responsible, perfectionist, center of attention, seek approval, sensitive

57
Q

Stepfamilies

A

Less about the child themselves but more about how the parents interact with one another
Maintaining of parent relationship

58
Q

Examples of diverse family structures

A

Same sex
Working parents
Single parents
Step families
Divorced families

59
Q

What does research say about same sex family structures?

A

few differences between children growing up with straight or gay parents; majority stay popular if popular, no adjustment differences, and most are straight kids

60
Q

What does research say about working parents family structures?

A

what matters for children’s development is the nature of parents’ work rather than whether parents works outside the home.. parents bring work into their home often, long hours= stressed parent= stressed kid

61
Q

What does research say about divorced family structures?

A

majority kids stay same (75%); but the rest have serious emotional problems

62
Q

What does research say about step family structures?

A

better relationships with actual parent than step parent, some adjustment problems at the start but get better over time, remarried couples need to help in rebuilding child-parent relationship and establishing step-parent-child and step-sibling relationships

Child Development (9 decks)

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