Chapter 6

Question 1

What is a schema?

Answer 1

actions or mental representations that organize knowledge.

Question 2

What is assimilation

Answer 2

when children incorporate new info into existing schemas

Question 3

What is accommodation

Answer 3

adjustment of schemes to fit new info and experiences

Question 4

What is organization

Answer 4

grouping isolated behaviors into higher orders, a boy who learns how to use tools will group them together and may know how to use other tools without ever trying them

Question 5

What is equilibration

Answer 5

experience cognitive conflict in trying to understand the world, which then brings the person to a new stage of thought

Question 6

What is the Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 6

In the first stage, the infant organizes and coordinates sensory experiences with physical movements, it has object permanence and A-not-B-error

Question 7

What is object permanence

Answer 7

ability to understand that object continue to exist even thought they are no longer observable

Question 8

What is A-not-B-error

Answer 8

infant’s ability to continue to search for an object in a familiar place rather than an unfamiliar place

Question 9

What is the Preoperational Stage

Answer 9

2nd stage, the transition from primitive to more sophisticated use of symbols, is typical for the child to ask tons of questions it includes symbolic thought, egocentrism, animism,

Question 10

What is symbolic thought

Answer 10

ability to represent an object that is not present(scribbling a dragon picture)

Question 11

What is egocentrism

Answer 11

inability to distinguish one’s own perspective from another’s

Question 12

What is animism

Answer 12

inanimate objects have life-like qualities and personalities and are capable of action

Question 13

What is the Concrete operational stage

Answer 13

thinking logically about concrete objects, classifying things, reason about relationships among classes of things(Uncle is dad’s brother)

Question 14

What is the formal operational stage

Answer 14

more abstract, idealistic, and logical than concrete operational thought

Question 15

What was Piaget’s view on education

Answer 15

the educator should facilitate rather than teach, using ongoing assessment, promoting intellectual health, and helping them explore

Question 16

What is the zone of proximal development(V)

Answer 16

the task is too difficult for children to master alone but can be learned with the guidance and assistance of adults or more skilled peers

Question 17

What is scaffolding(V)

Answer 17

teaching technique in which a more skilled person adjusts the level of guidance to fit the child’s current performance level, dialogue is important for this

Question 18

What is Language and Thought(V)

Answer 18

Develop independently, but then children internalize their egocentric speech in the form of inner speech, which becomes private speech, then becomes thoughts

Question 19

What was Vygotsky’s view on education

Answer 19

wants teachers to use zone of proximal development and scaffolding, using skilled peers as teachers, encouraging private speech, and accurately assessing ZPD, children learn through social thought

Question 20

What was Piaget’s theory

Answer 20

little emphasis on sociocultural, cognitive constructivist, stages, language has minimal role, cognition directs language, education reflects skills that have already emerged, teacher is a guide to exploring