Chapter 7 - Review of Behavioral Methods

Question 1

The modern form of behaviorism

Answer 1

Behavior Analysis

Question 2

Field spawned by Behavior Analysis…

Answer 2

Behavioral Gerontology, Behavioral Medicine and Behavioral Social Work.

Question 3

Extending the meaning of behavior includes….

Answer 3

Obvious movement and also includes more subtle activity such as TALKING, LOOKING, LISTENING and READING and include INTERNAL EVENTS measurable by electronic devices - MUSCLE TENSION, BRAIN WAVES, STOMACH ACIDITY.

Question 4

Use this principle when you seek the causes of behavior in ENVIRONMENTAL events.

Answer 4

The Principle of Public Events

Question 5

Researchers have defined complex behaviors as…

Answer 5

Aggression, creativity, nervous tension, and cooperative living.

Question 6

5 tactics…

Answer 6

1. create a Behavioral Definition
2. apply a method of direct observation to gather information about the problem behavior.
3. find out if the data are RELIABLE and SOCIALLY VALID.
4. design a SINGLE SUBJECT EXPERIMENT to find out if the treatment works by ruling out ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATIONS and TIME DIFFERENCES.

5.

Question 7

4 methods of direct observation

Answer 7

1. Outcome Recording - if the behavior leaves a RESULT
2. Event Recording - if the behavior is UNIFORM
3. Interval Recording - if the behavior occurs for nonuniform episodes.
4. Sample Recording - to observe a sample of the behavior

Question 8

Single-subject designs…look at the behavior of ONE PERSON at a time.

Answer 8

Comparison design
Reversal design
Multiple-Baseline

Question 9

The two most powerful designs (STRONG DESIGNS) are the…

Answer 9

Reversal design