Chapter 20 - Conditioned Reimforcers And Everyday Situations

Question 1

Primary Reinforcers

Answer 1

Reinforcing events rooted in our biological nature that influence our behavior from birth.

Question 2

Conditioned Reinforcers

Answer 2

Reinforcing events that grow out of our experience

Question 3

Tactic #5 in the stimulus control strategy is making reinforcement more practical by creating CONDITIONED REINFORCERS.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Backup Reinforcer

Answer 4

Any reinforcer that makes a CONDITIONED or GENERALIZED reinforcer effective. It backs up the conditioned reinforcer, strengthening it.

the reinforcer that makes a conditioned or generalized reinforcer effective

Question 5

Behavior analysts usually use conditioned reinforcers when reinforcing desirable behavior.

They often use conditioned reinforcers based on gestures, timers, and verbal statements that they can give immediately after the desired response.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

The most common conditioned reinforcers are SOCIAL.

Answer 6

EXAMPLE, teaching naming snack items to children, the bite serves as a BACKUP REINFORCER.

Question 7

The effectiveness of a conditioned reinforcer is affected by the person’s deprivation with respect to the backup reinforcer.

Answer 7

If the person is not deprived of the backup reinforcer, the conditioned reinforcer won’t work.

Question 8

Conditioned reinforcers are often events that occur immediately after the person has made a response. Effective because of their immediacy.

Answer 8

Behavior analysts take advantage of this immediacy by creating conditioned reinforcers that help bridge the gap to delayed reinforcers.

Question 9

Sometimes PRIMARY REINFORCERS are not as effective as CONDITIONED REINFORCERS.

Answer 9

Use conditioned reinforcers to teach children to consume primary reinforcers.

Question 10

GENERALIZED REINFORCER is a CONDITIONED REINFORCER that is associated with many other reinforcers.

A generalized reinforcer depends for its effectiveness on its backup reinforcers.
It would lose its effectiveness if it were no longer paired with those backups.
It would also lose its effectiveness for a person who is satiated on all of its backups.

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

The GENERALIZED REINFORCER can enhance the effectiveness of the backup reinforcers by utilizing the PRINCIPLE OF IMMEDIACY.

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

An event backed up by MANY reinforcers

Answer 12

Generalized Reinforcer

Question 13

An event backed up by ONLY ONE reinforcer

Answer 13

Conditioned Reinforcer

Question 14

STIMULUS RESPONSE CHAIN

Answer 14

is a sequence where each behavior produces an SD (discriminated stimulus) for the next behavior and the last behavior is REINFORCED.

Question 15

Each response in a chain produces an effect on the environment that acts as a conditioned reinforcer for that response.

Each response is reinforced by its increasing nearness to the goal.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

Tactic #5 in the STIMULUS CONTROL STRATEGY is to make reinforcement more practical by creating conditioned reinforcers.

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

Creating CONDITIONED REINFORCERS

Answer 17

To solve behavioral problems.

Question 18

A PRIMARY REINFORCER is any reinforcer that loses it’s effectiveness only temporarily through SATIATION.

ie. FOOD

Answer 18

any event that is ALWAYS REINFORCING unless someone has had TOO MUCH of it recently.

The effectiveness of such reinforcers is NOT based on LEARNING. Instead, it is based on the UNLEARNED BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS they produce in us.