Chapter 16 - Stimulus Discrimination & Everyday Behavior

Question 1

Reinforcement control is the increase in behaviors from an event that FOLLOWS the behavior.

Answer 1

True / Definition

Question 2

Stimulus control is the increase in behavior from an event that PRECEDES the behavior.

Answer 2

Definition

Question 3

EVENTS that might PRECEDE a behavior and influence the person’s behavior might include:

Answer 3

Questions, commands, the sight of a person or object, being present in a room or at a football game.

Question 4

The effect of such EVENTS on behavior

The 3rd strategy for solving human problems is called STIMULUS CONTROL.

Answer 4

Stimulus Control

Question 5

COGNITION or KNOWLEDGE

Answer 5

Refers to behavior under stimulus control.

Refers to the control of behavior by its environmental context, by events which , unlike consequences, precede or accompany the behavior.

Question 6

Emphasis on this unit changes from looking at what happens after you behave - reinforcement or extinction

Answer 6

To looking at what happens BEFORE you behave.

Question 7

Anything that affects the person’s behavior…

Answer 7

STIMULUS

Question 8

Examples of Stimuli

Answer 8

OBJECTS Such as doors, windows, other people, parts of one’s own body, clothing or hair.

It might be VOCAL SOUNDSsjch as words, sighs or laughter.

It might refer to VISIBLE CONFIGURATIONS such as words on a page, colors, length and width.

It refers to broader situations such as an entire room. (STIMULUS SITUATION)

Question 9

Reinforcers are also STIMULI.

Answer 9

A REINFORCING STIMULUS is one that follows a behavior.

Question 10

This chapter is about HOW people learn to behave in ways that work for their current STIMULUS SITUATION.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Distinguishing among different situations is a process known as…

Answer 11

DISCRIMINATION

Question 12

Grouping similar situations into general categories is a process known as…

Answer 12

Generalization

Question 13

The field of cognition is behavior under…

Answer 13

STIMULUS CONTROL

Question 14

Stimulus control is present in everyday situations.

Answer 14

By understanding the stimulus control, you can better understand your own behavior.

You can better understand the behavior of friends, family and coworkers.

Question 15

Behavior Analysts is stimulus control to solve other people’s problems.

They turn to it when Behavioral Strategy and the Reinforcement Strategy aren’t enough.

They may be able to define the problem in Behavioral terms.

They may be able to differentially reinforce desirable behavior, but the behavior may not occur in the appropriate situations.

They may turn to the STIMULUS CONTROL STRATEGY.

Answer 15

Important to know

Question 16

The 5 tactics in using STIMULUS CONTROL STRATEGY…

Answer 16

1. Discrimination training
2. Generalization training
3. Fading / Programming
4. Imitation/ Instruction
5. Conditioned Reinforcement

Question 17

The first tactic in using the stimulus control strategy is to NARROW STIMULUS CONTROL through…

Answer 17

DISCRIMINATION TRAINING

Question 18

Basic process (DISCRIMINATION TRAINING) at work in developing these behavioral differences. The process involves…

Answer 18

1. Reinforcement of a behavior in the presence of one stimulus.
2. Extinction of the same behavior in the presence of another stimulus.

Question 19

DISCRIMINATION TRAINING

Answer 19

a procedure where a behavior is REINFORCED in the presence of one stimulus and EXTINGUISHED in the presence of another stimulus.

Question 20

DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS (SD)

Answer 20

A stimulus that precedes a behavior and is present only if reinforcement will occur for that behavior.

Stimulus associated with reinforcement.

Question 21

S-delta

Answer 21

Stimulus associated with extinction.

A stimulus that precedes the behavior and is present only if extinction will occur for that behavior.

Question 22

DISCRIMINATED BEHAVIOR

Answer 22

A behavior that is MORE LIKELY to occur in the presences of the SD than in the presence of the S-delta.

Question 23

DISCRIMINATED RESPONSE

Answer 23

A single instance of the behavior.

Question 24

STIMULUS CONTROL is the INCREASED PROBABILITY of a discriminated Behavior produced by a STIMULUS (SD)

Answer 24

Example: The exit sign literally controls his behavior. We usually say that the stimulus exerts stimulus control over the behavior.

Question 25

Example #2 - Yelling at a football game.

If others yelling is reinforcing, you would call it a STIMULUS SITUATION. This is an SD (Discriminative Stimulus) because yelling is .

IF having others not yell with you is EXTINGUISHING, what would you call the STIMULUS SITUATION of the library? It would be called an .

Answer 25

What would you call yelling being reinforced at a football game but extinguished at the library?

DISCRIMINATION TRAINING

What would you call the effect of being at the game on your PROBABILITY of yelling?

STIMULUS CONTROL

What would you call the behavior of yelling?
DISCRIMINATED BEHAVIOR, because it is more likely to occur at the game than in the library.

Question 26

Discrimination Training is usually complex. It involves some modification of the stimuli.

Simple discrimination training requires that you switch the order of the stimuli.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Discrimination Training usually involves learning multiple discriminations at the same time.

Answer 27

True