Chapter 16 - Stimulus Discrimination & Everyday Behavior Flashcards
Reinforcement control is the increase in behaviors from an event that FOLLOWS the behavior.
True / Definition
Stimulus control is the increase in behavior from an event that PRECEDES the behavior.
Definition
EVENTS that might PRECEDE a behavior and influence the person’s behavior might include:
Questions, commands, the sight of a person or object, being present in a room or at a football game.
The effect of such EVENTS on behavior
The 3rd strategy for solving human problems is called STIMULUS CONTROL.
Stimulus Control
COGNITION or KNOWLEDGE
Refers to behavior under stimulus control.
Refers to the control of behavior by its environmental context, by events which , unlike consequences, precede or accompany the behavior.
Emphasis on this unit changes from looking at what happens after you behave - reinforcement or extinction
To looking at what happens BEFORE you behave.
Anything that affects the person’s behavior…
STIMULUS
Examples of Stimuli
OBJECTS Such as doors, windows, other people, parts of one’s own body, clothing or hair.
It might be VOCAL SOUNDSsjch as words, sighs or laughter.
It might refer to VISIBLE CONFIGURATIONS such as words on a page, colors, length and width.
It refers to broader situations such as an entire room. (STIMULUS SITUATION)
Reinforcers are also STIMULI.
A REINFORCING STIMULUS is one that follows a behavior.
This chapter is about HOW people learn to behave in ways that work for their current STIMULUS SITUATION.
True
Distinguishing among different situations is a process known as…
DISCRIMINATION
Grouping similar situations into general categories is a process known as…
Generalization
The field of cognition is behavior under…
STIMULUS CONTROL
Stimulus control is present in everyday situations.
By understanding the stimulus control, you can better understand your own behavior.
You can better understand the behavior of friends, family and coworkers.
Behavior Analysts is stimulus control to solve other people’s problems.
They turn to it when Behavioral Strategy and the Reinforcement Strategy aren’t enough.
They may be able to define the problem in Behavioral terms.
They may be able to differentially reinforce desirable behavior, but the behavior may not occur in the appropriate situations.
They may turn to the STIMULUS CONTROL STRATEGY.
Important to know
The 5 tactics in using STIMULUS CONTROL STRATEGY…
- Discrimination training
- Generalization training
- Fading / Programming
- Imitation/ Instruction
- Conditioned Reinforcement
The first tactic in using the stimulus control strategy is to NARROW STIMULUS CONTROL through…
DISCRIMINATION TRAINING
Basic process (DISCRIMINATION TRAINING) at work in developing these behavioral differences. The process involves…
- Reinforcement of a behavior in the presence of one stimulus.
- Extinction of the same behavior in the presence of another stimulus.
DISCRIMINATION TRAINING
a procedure where a behavior is REINFORCED in the presence of one stimulus and EXTINGUISHED in the presence of another stimulus.
DISCRIMINATIVE STIMULUS (SD)
A stimulus that precedes a behavior and is present only if reinforcement will occur for that behavior.
Stimulus associated with reinforcement.
S-delta
Stimulus associated with extinction.
A stimulus that precedes the behavior and is present only if extinction will occur for that behavior.
DISCRIMINATED BEHAVIOR
A behavior that is MORE LIKELY to occur in the presences of the SD than in the presence of the S-delta.
DISCRIMINATED RESPONSE
A single instance of the behavior.
STIMULUS CONTROL is the INCREASED PROBABILITY of a discriminated Behavior produced by a STIMULUS (SD)
Example: The exit sign literally controls his behavior. We usually say that the stimulus exerts stimulus control over the behavior.
Example #2 - Yelling at a football game.
If others yelling is reinforcing, you would call it a STIMULUS SITUATION. This is an SD (Discriminative Stimulus) because yelling is .
IF having others not yell with you is EXTINGUISHING, what would you call the STIMULUS SITUATION of the library? It would be called an .
What would you call yelling being reinforced at a football game but extinguished at the library?
DISCRIMINATION TRAINING
What would you call the effect of being at the game on your PROBABILITY of yelling?
STIMULUS CONTROL
What would you call the behavior of yelling?
DISCRIMINATED BEHAVIOR, because it is more likely to occur at the game than in the library.
Discrimination Training is usually complex. It involves some modification of the stimuli.
Simple discrimination training requires that you switch the order of the stimuli.
True
Discrimination Training usually involves learning multiple discriminations at the same time.
True
