Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chapter 7: Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 7: Respiratory System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 6 organs of the respiratory system?

A 
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchial tubes
Lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What other system does the respiratory system work with?

A

Cardivascular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 parts of the respiration system?

A

Ventilation
Inhalation
Exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ventilation

A

Flow of air between outside environment and lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Inhalation

A

Flow of air into lungs

Brings fresh oxygen into air sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Exhalation

A

Flow of air out of lungs

Removes carbon dioxide from body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

External Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does oxygen do in the external respiratory?

A

Leaves air sacs and enters blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does carbon dioxide do in the external respiratory?

A

Leaves blood stream and enters air sacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Internal Respiration

A

Oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange at cellular level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does oxygen do in the internal respiration?

A

Leaves blood stream and is delivered to tissue

Used immediately for metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does carbon dioxide do in internal respiration?

A

Waste product of metabolism

Leaves tisue and enters blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nasal Cavity

A

Air enters through nares

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the nasal cavity divided by?

A

Nasal Septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Palate

A

Roof of mouth separates nasal cavity above from mouth below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cilia

A

Small hairs line opening to nasal cavity

Filter out large dirt particles before they can enter lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the walls of the nasal cavity and nasal septum made of?

A

Cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What covers the walls of the nasal cavity and nasal septum?

A

Mucous membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mucus

A

Thick and sticky secretion of membrane that cleanses air by trapping dust and bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the purpose of Capillaries in the mucous membrane?

A

Warms and humidifies air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Located within facial bones
Echo chamber for sound protection
Gives resonance to voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

Air enters trachea while food/liquid enters esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What systems uses the pharynx?

A

Respiratory

Digestive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the 3 parts of the pharynx?

A

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Upper section by nasal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Oropharynx

A

Middle section by oral cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Lower section by larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Tonsils

A

Lymphatic tissue that removes pathogens in air and food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are the 3 pairs of tonsils?

A

Adenoids
Palatine
Lingual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where is the auditory tube?

A

Nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Auditory Tube

A

Tube opens with each swallow

Equalizes air pressure between middle ear and outside atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

Muscular tube between pharynx and trachea that contains vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are the walls of the larynx?

A

Composed of cartilage plates

Held in place by ligaments and muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What forms the adam’s apple?

A

Thyroid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Vocal Cords

A

Folds of membraneous tissue that vibrates to produce sounds as air passes through opening between folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Epiglottis

A

Flap of cartilage that sits above glottis

Covers larynx and trachea during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

Carries air from larynx to main bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the trachea composed of?

A

Smooth muscle
Cartilage rings
Lined with mucous membrane and cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Bronchial Tubes

A

Distal end of trachea divides into branches to form secondary and tertiary bronchi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Alveoli

A

Bronchiole terminates into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Bronchioles

A

Bronchi continue to branch to form into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Pulmonary capillaries

A

encases each alveolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What forms the respiratory membrane?

A

Alveoli wall and the capillary wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Respiratory membrane

A

External respiration takes place across respiratory membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Lungs

A

Total collection of bronchi, bronchioles, and aveoli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

How many lobes does the right lung have?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are the 3 parts of the lung?

A

Apex
Base
Hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Apex

A

Pointed superior portion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Base

A

Broad lower area of lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Hilum

A

Entry and exit point of lung

Bronchi, blood vessels, nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What protects the lungs?

A

Ribs

53
Q

What protects the lungs internally?

A

Pleura

54
Q

What are the 2 parts of the pleura?

A

Parietal

Viceral

55
Q

Parietal Pleura

A

Outer membrane that lines wall of chest cavity

56
Q

Visceral Pleura

A

Inner membrane that adheres to surface of lungs

57
Q

Pleura

A

Folded to form a pleural cavity

Serious fluid between 2 pleural layers reduces friction when 2 layers rub together during ventilhation

58
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Pleura is folded to form a sac around each lung

59
Q

Respiratory Therapist

A

Measures lung volumes

Pulmonary function tests

60
Q

Tidal Volume

A

Volume of air moving in and out of lungs in a single relaxed breath

61
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

A

Volume of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal exhale

62
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume

A

Volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhale

63
Q

Residual Volume

A

Volume of air remaining in lungs after a forced exhale

64
Q

Inspiratory Capacity

A

Tidal Volume + Inspiratory reserve volume

65
Q

Functional residual Capacity

A

Expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

66
Q

Vital Capacity

A

Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

67
Q

Total Lung Capacity

A

Inspiratory reserve volume + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

68
Q

What respiratory muscles are used for inhalation?

A

Diaphragm

Intercostal Muscles

69
Q

Intercostal muscles

A

Located between the ribs that increases negative pressure while enlarging thoracic cavity

70
Q

What needs to happen in order to have an unforced exhale?

A

Diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
Thoracic cavity becomes smaller
Creates positive thoracic pressure
Air flows out of lungs to equalize pressure

71
Q

What is the respiratory rate dependent on?

A

Level of CO2 in blood

72
Q

alveolar

A

pertaining to the alveoli

73
Q

bronchial

A

pertaining to the bronchus

74
Q

bronchiolar

A

pertaining to a bronchiole

75
Q

diaphragmatic

A

pertaining to the diaphragm

76
Q

epiglottic

A

pertaining to the epiglottis

77
Q

laryngeal

A

pertaining to the larynx

78
Q

nasal

A

pertaining to the nose

79
Q

pharyngeal

A

pertaining to the pharynx

80
Q

pleural

A

pertaining to the pleura

81
Q

pulmonary

A

pertaining to the lung

82
Q

septal

A

pertaining to the nasal septum

83
Q

thoracic

A

pertaining to the chest

84
Q

tracheal

A

pertaining to the trachea

85
Q

anosmia

A

lack of the sense of smell

86
Q

anoxia

A

unable to obtain oxygen from inhaled air

87
Q

apnea

A

not breathing

88
Q

asphyxia

A

lack of oxygen; can lead to unconsciousness and death

89
Q

aspiration

A

withdrawing fluid using suction; removing phlegm from patient’s airway; inhaling food or liquid into trachea

90
Q

bradypnea

A

breathing too slowly; low respiratory rate

91
Q

bronchiectasis

A

having dilated brochi

92
Q

bronchospasm

A

involuntary contraction of smooth muscle in bronchial walls

93
Q

Cheyne-Stokes respiration

A

abnormal breathing pattern with long periods of apnea followed by deep and rapid breathing

94
Q

Clubbing

A

abnormal widening & thickening of fingers due to chronic oxygen deficiency

95
Q

crackles

A

abnormal crackling sound during inspiration; indicates fluid or mucus in airway; also rales

96
Q

cyanosis

A

blue skin caused by low oxygen in blood

97
Q

dysphonia

A

difficulty producing sound

98
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

99
Q

epistaxis

A

a nosebleed

100
Q

eupnea

A

normal breathing and respiratory rate

101
Q

hemoptysis

A

cough up blood or blood-stained sputum

102
Q

hemothorax

A

presence of blood in the chest cavity

103
Q

hypercapina

A

ecessive carbon dioxide in the body

104
Q

hyperpnea

A

taking deep breaths

105
Q

hyperventilation

A

breathing too fast and too deep

106
Q

hypocapnia

A

insufficient levels of carbon dioxide in the blood

107
Q

hypopnea

A

taking shallow breaths

108
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Breathing too slow and too shallow

109
Q

hypoxemia

A

having insufficient amount of oxygen from inhaled air

110
Q

laryngoplegia

A

paralysis of the muscles controlling the larynx

111
Q

orthopnea

A

difficulty breathing made worse by lying flat; patient breaths better sitting up

112
Q

pansinusitis

A

inflammation of all the paranasal sinuses

113
Q

patent

A

open or unblocked

114
Q

phlegm

A

thick mucus secreted by respiratory tract

115
Q

pleural rub

A

grating sound made when layers of pleura rub together during respiration

116
Q

pleurodynia

A

pleural pain

117
Q

pyothorax

A

presence of pus in teh chest cavity

118
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the nasal cavity

119
Q

rhinorrhagia

A

rapid flow of blood from the nose

120
Q

rhinorrhea

A

fluid discharge from the nose; runny nose

121
Q

rhonchi

A

musical sound during expiration; caused by bronchial tube spasms

122
Q

shortness of breath

A

indicates the patient is having difficulty breathing; also called dyspnea

123
Q

sputum

A

phlegm coughed up from respiratory tract

124
Q

stridor

A

harsh, high pitched breath sound; indicates obstruction in the airway

125
Q

tachypnea

A

breathing fast; high respiratory rate

126
Q

thoracalgia

A

chest pain; not angina pectoris

127
Q

tracheostenosis

A

narrowing of the trachea

128
Q

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

A

Inhales fresh air into lungs
Exchange oxygen for carbon dioxide
Exhale stale air

Medical Terminology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions