Chapter 6: Blood & The Lymphatic & Immune Systems

Question 1

Platelets

Answer 1

Initiates blood clotting process

Question 2

What are the formed elements of blood cells?

Answer 2

Erythrocytes
Platelets
Leukocytes
Plasma

Question 3

The average adults has how much blood?

Answer 3

5 liters

Question 4

Hematopoiesis

Answer 4

The process in which blood cells are produces in red bone marrow

Question 5

What are the proteins in plasma?

Answer 5

Albumin
Globulin
Fibrinogen

Question 6

Albumin

Answer 6

Helps transport fatty substances

Question 7

Globulin

Answer 7

Gamma globulins are antibodies

Question 8

Fibrinogen

Answer 8

Blood clotting Protein

Question 9

What are red blood cells?

Answer 9

Enucleated erythrocytes

Question 10

What gives red blood cells their color?

Answer 10

Hemoglobin

Question 11

What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?

Answer 11

120 days

Question 12

What are White blood cells?

Answer 12

Leukocytes that provide protection against pathogens.

Question 13

What are the 2 categories for white blood cells?

Answer 13

Granulocytes

Agranulocytes

Question 14

Granulocytes

Answer 14

Have granules in cytoplasm

Question 15

Agranulocytes

Answer 15

No granules in cytoplasm

Question 16

What are the 3 types of granulocytes?

Answer 16

Basophils
Eosinophils
Neutrophils

Question 17

Basophils

Answer 17

Release histamine & heparin to damaged tissue

Question 18

Eosinophils

Answer 18

Destroy parasites & increase during allergic reaction

Question 19

Neutrophils

Answer 19

Important for phagocytosis

Question 20

What are the 2 types of Agranulocytes?

Answer 20

Monocytes

Lymphocytes

Question 21

Monocytes

Answer 21

Important for phagocytosis

Question 22

Lymphocytes

Answer 22

Provide protection through immunity

Question 23

What are platelets?

Answer 23

Also known as thrombocytes, they are critical in clotting. They lead to the formation of thrombin.

Question 24

Agglutinate

Answer 24

Clots that form into small clusters when blood vessel is damaged.

Question 25

Thrombin

Answer 25

Converts fibrinogen to fibrin.

Question 26

Type A Blood

Answer 26

Produces anti-B antibodies that attack type B & AB blood.

Question 27

Type B Blood

Answer 27

Produces anti-A antibodies that attacks type A & AB blood.

Question 28

Type O Blood

Answer 28

Produces anti-A & anti-B antibodies that attacks type A, type B, & type AB blood.

Question 29

Type AB Blood

Answer 29

Produces no antibodies that does not attack any other type of blood.

Question 30

Universal Donor

Answer 30

A type O blood that does not have an antibody, so it will not attack any blood type.

Question 31

Universal Recipient

Answer 31

A type AB blood that has no antibodies against other blood types and therefore, receive any type of blood.

Question 32

Rh+

Answer 32

Will not make anti-Rh antibodies

Question 33

Rh-

Answer 33

Will produce anti-Rh antibodies

Question 34

agranulocyte

Answer 34

white blood cell without granules

Question 35

sanguinous

Answer 35

pertaining to blood

Question 36

thrombocytosis

Answer 36

condition of having too many platelets

Question 37

thronbopenia

Answer 37

condition of having too few platelets

Question 38

Hemoglobin

Answer 38

Blood protein

Question 39

What are the 5 organs of the lymphatic System?

Answer 39

``` Lymph nodes Lymphatic vessels Thymus gland Spleen Tonsils ```

Question 40

Lymph

Answer 40

fluid within lymphatic vessels

Question 41

Lacteals

Answer 41

lymph vessels around the small intestine that assists with fat absorption

Question 42

Lymphatic Vessels

Answer 42

One-way pipe conducting lymph from tissues toward thoracic activity using valves to prevent backflow

Question 43

What is the progress of lymphatic vessels?

Answer 43

Lymph capillaries in tissues merge into larger lymph vessels that drain into one of two large lymphatic ducts in thoracic activity

Question 44

Lymph Nodes

Answer 44

Removes pathogens & cell debris from lymph as it passes through Traps and destroys cells from cancerous tumors

Question 45

Tonsils

Answer 45

Collections of lymphatic tissue located on each side of throat

Question 46

What are the 3 sets of tonsils?

Answer 46

Palatine Pharyngeal Lingual

Question 47

Spleen

Answer 47

Consists of lymphatic tissue that is highly infiltrated with blood vessels

Question 48

What is the function of a spleen?

Answer 48

Phagocytic macrophages line blood sinuses to remove pathogens Filters out and destroys old red blood cells, recycling iron

Question 49

Thymus Gland

Answer 49

Secretes hormone | Changes lymphocytes to T Lymphocytes (T Cells)

Question 50

Whaat are the 2 forms of immunity?

Answer 50

Natural | Acquired

Question 51

Natural Immunity

Answer 51

Doesn't require prior exposure to pathogen

Question 52

Acquired Immunity

Answer 52

Body's response to a specific pathogen | May be either Passive or Active

Question 53

Passive Acquired Immunity

Answer 53

When a person receives protective substances produced by another human or animal

Question 54

Active Acquired Immunity

Answer 54

Develops following direct exposure to pathogen | Stimulates immune response

Question 55

Immune Response

Answer 55

Antigens stimulate immune response

Question 56

What are the 2 different processes of Immune Response

Answer 56

Humoral immunity | Cellular Immunity

Question 57

Humeral Immunity

Answer 57

Production of B lymphocytes

Question 58

Cellular Immunity

Answer 58

Produces T Cells and Natural Killer Cells

Question 59

Nosocomial Infection

Answer 59

Acquired in the hospital

Question 60

Cross Infection

Answer 60

Pathogen acquired from another person

Question 61

Reinfection

Answer 61

Becomes infected again with same pathogen

Question 62

Self-Inoculation

Answer 62

Pathogen from one part of the patient's body spreads to another part of the body

Question 63

axillary

Answer 63

pertaining to the underarm region

Question 64

immunoglobulins

Answer 64

antibodies secreted by B cells; assist in protecting the body

Question 65

inguinal

Answer 65

pertaining to the groin region

Question 66

lymphangial

Answer 66

pertaining to the lymph vessels

Question 67

urticaria

Answer 67

severe itching associated with hives

Question 68

White Blood Cells

Answer 68

Fight infection & disease