Chapter 7 Political Organization Flashcards
A society’s political organization is primarily related to ____.
The degree of access individuals and groups have to basic materials resources
Anthropologists distinguish three patterns of social differentiation ___.
Egalitarian, rank, and stratified
The study of political processes focuses on ____.
Ways in which different groups within a society use power achieve goals
The dominance of political elite based on a close identification between their own goals and those of the larger society is called ___.
Hegemony
One thing that the Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria as well as the Mende of Sierra Leone have in common is that ___.
In all three, women held important formal political office
Fear of witchcraft accusations would best be categorized as ___.
An informal mechanism of social control
In regulating human behavior, law ____.
Is only one among many forms of social control
As the anthropologist define law, it exists ____.
In all human societies
An important way of resolving conflict in band-level societies involves ____.
Contests between individuals
Which statement is most true of conflict in band-level societies?
Band-level societies minimize conflict between individuals but it does occur
A tribal society ____.
Imagines all of its members to be related by kinship
In society that is characterized by age grades, ___.
People follow a well-ordered progression through a series of age-related life stages
The Ojibwa coined the term okimakkan or “fake chief” when ____.
Outside governments insisted that the Ojibwa appoint a supreme leader
The “bigman” as a form of leadership is associated with ____.
Increasing food production and redistribution
During buffalo hunts, the Cheyenne maintained order by ____.
Policing by members of military societies
The Kpelle _____ to solve conflicts between disputing parties.
Moots
Which of the following do anthropologist argue as an explanation for warfare in tribal societies?
It may regulate the balance between population and resources
According to the text, what is the cause of Yanomamö warfare?
Attempts of individuals from one village to capture women from other villages
An important effect of European contact with the Yanomamö was ____.
Acquisition of firearms and increased fatalities in war
What statement about the Yanomamö warfare is true?
Yanomamö warfare intensified after contact with the West
Which statements about chiefs is most accurate?
Chief power is based on the ability to redistribute good and services
In ____, social ranking is based on kinship, and in ____, kinship ties do not regulate social relationships.
Chiefdoms; states
Compared with tribal societies, chiefdoms are likely to have ____.
Lower levels of internal violence
Which statements is an accurate anthropological explanation of the emergence of state-level societies?
States emerged for different reasons in different places and at different times
