Chapter 1 Flashcards
Which of the following best describes the central purpose of anthropology?
Describing humankind
What is the critical goal of cultural anthropology as an academic discipline?
Describe, analyze, and explain different cultures
Anthropology takes a holistic approach to explaining human behavior by studying _____.
The integration of biological, sociocultural, and environmental factors
Archeology, cultural anthropology, _____, and ______ are all sub-disciplines of anthropology.
Biological anthropology; linguistic anthropology
The subspecialty of biological anthropology, ______, maps physiological differences among humans.
Human variation
Two subfields of archeology are _____ and ______.
Urban archeology; cultural resource management (CRM)
Which type of anthropologist does not directly observe human behavior and culture?
Archeologists
Which type of scientists within the field of anthropology would most likely study the quality and accessibility of health care in minority communities?
Applied anthropologist
According to the text, why is it useful for historical linguists to understand the relationship among various languages?
They reveal the history and migrations of those who speak them.
A critical insight of medical anthropology is that _____.
Disease and medicine never exist independently from culture
Syndemics is the study of ______.
Disease in social contexts
Which statement is true regarding disease and illness?
Disease is biological condition and illness is how a culture deals with sickness.
_______ challenges and corrects ethnocentrism.
Anthropology
A distinguishing characteristic of Western ethnocentrism is that _____.
Westerners have often been in a position to impose their view of culture upon others
When ethnocentrism targets a specific ethnic group, it can lead to ______.
Racism
What is cultural relativism?
The notion that cultures should be viewed through the lens of a native
Biopsychological equality is the notion that ____.
All human groups have equal biological and mental capabilities
Traits such as skin color, hair color and texture, and nose shape are often chosen to determine race because _______.
They are easily visible
Which of the following statements is true regarding race and genetics?
Individual differences are greater than the sum of differences between groups.
Which statement accurately describes genetic difference in humans?
Individual humans are more similar than they are different
A1990 study identified _____ as one of the most common dangers anthropologist face during fieldwork.
Malaria
How had anthropological fieldwork changed since the mid-20th century?
Anthropologist today are more accessible and more accountable to their audiences.
Early anthropologist were most likely to view societies as ______.
Separate individual cultures
According to the text, today anthropologist focus more on _____.
The relationships between cultures
