Chapter 2 Flashcards
In place of the artificially controlled laboratory, anthropologist rely primarily on _____.
Ethnography and cross-cultural comparison
Early anthropologist who relied on travelers and missionaries for their fieldwork data were called _____.
Armchair anthropologists
Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor were influenced deeply by the evolutionary theories of ____.
Charles Darwin
Which of the following statements best describes Lewis Henry Morgan’s and Edward Tylor’s evolutionary theory?
It is the study of the history of human society from simple technology and social institutions to complex ones.
Lewis Henry Morgan and Edward Tylor classified small-scale societies as ____.
Savage
Which statement is true about Franz Boaz?
A. His theories were influenced by Darwin
B. He was the 1st Proff of anthropology in Harvard
C. He was a champion of human rights
D. He did his fieldwork in the Islands
He was a champion of human rights.
Applying one’s cultural standards of value, worth, and morality to another culture is called ____.
Ethnocentrism
Boas insisted that anthropologist must value a culture on its own terms. This idea is called ______.
Culture relativism
Which of the following has been a hallmark of American anthropology?
A. Ethnocentrism
B. Ethnology
C. Participant observation
D. Multiculturalism
Multiculturalism
How is Malinowski’s approach to the study of cultures different from Boas?
Malinowski emphasized the notion of function in society, while Boas focus on the study of history and adaptation of culture
The function of an institutional Review Board (IRB) is to ____.
Approve, monitor, and review all university research involving human subjects
______ is a fieldwork technique that involves gathering cultural data by observing people’s behavior and participating in their lives.
Participant observation
Despite her/his best efforts to prepare for immersion in a new culture, anthropologists will be most likely experiencing ____.
Cultural Shock
Which of the following is an example of an etic perspective in research?
Studying agriculture techniques by measuring the fertility of soil in laboratory samples
What is the primary goal of emic research?
Help outsiders understand what it means to be a member of another culture
Anthropological interview techniques are _____.
Highly varied and are situation specific
The Human Relations Area Files (HRAF) is _____.
A database that provides cross-cultural data on a limited number of societies