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American History > Chapter 7 New Horizons > Flashcards

Chapter 7 New Horizons Flashcards

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1
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

He was the 7th president of the US. Nicknamed “Old Hickory,” he took away the rights of the Native Americans.

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2
Q

Corrupt Bargain

A

No candidate had enough electoral votes to win the presidency, so it was up to the House of Representatives to decide.

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3
Q

Democratic Party

A

One of the first 2 major political parties in the US. They supported workers and minorities and had a loose interpretation of the Constitution.

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4
Q

Henry Clay

A

Known as “The Great Compromiser,” he served in congress for more than 30 years.

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5
Q

Indian Removal Act

A

Federal law promoted by Jackson that forced Indians to leave their lands and walk 100s of miles to Indian Territory.

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6
Q

John C. Calhoun

A

He held many federal offices and was an advocate of states’ rights & slavery

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7
Q

John Q. Adams

A

The 6th President of the United States, he opposed slavery.

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8
Q

Panic of 1837

A

Financial crisis affected Second Bank of the US. Money was moved to state banks.

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9
Q

Second Bank of US

A

Bank run by government that could control country’s money supply and interest rates

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10
Q

Spoils System

A

A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends. The winner of elections move people out of office and puts their own people in those positions.

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11
Q

Whig party

A

Political party formed to opposed President Jackson and the Democrats; they stood for protective tariffs, national banking and federal aid for internal improvements.

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12
Q

Cherokee

A

Tribe that lived in the Southeastern US. Their territory of 40,000 was affected by the Indian Removal Act, also known as the Trail of Tears

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13
Q

Cherokee Nation v Georgia

A

The Cherokee sued the state of Georgia for breaking treaties. The Supreme Court ruled the Cherokee nation wasn’t a state and labeled them as a “denominated domestic dependent nation” meaning Georgia had no rights to enforce state laws in its territory.

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14
Q

5 Civilized Tribes

A

Creek, Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Seminole

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15
Q

Indian Territory

A

Oklahoma

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16
Q

John Ross

A

leader of Cherokee in Indian Territory that fought for Indian rights.

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17
Q

Johnson v McIntosh

A

Johnson bought land from the Indians, McIntosh bought same land from federal government. Ruled for McIntosh saying the Indians couldn’t transfer title to individuals, only the federal government could do that.

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18
Q

Oklahoma Territory

A

Called Indian Territory that was set aside for the Indians after the Indian Removal Act.

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19
Q

Osceola

A

Seminole leader in the 2nd Seminole War in Florida, fought against US troops

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20
Q

Worcestor v Georgia

A

ruling individual states have no criminal jurisdiction in Indian Territory

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21
Q

49th Parallel

A

U.s and Great Britain divided Oregon Territory. Great Britain got the north side and teh US got the south side.

22
Q

Alamo

A

Catholic mission where the battle took place between Texas and Mexico for Texas’ independence

23
Q

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

A

President of Mexico

24
Q

Brigham Young

A

Early leader of the Church of Latter Day Saints (Mormons)

25
Q

California Gold Rush

A

1848-1850 search for gold

26
Q

Californios

A

Citizens of Mexico who settled in California

27
Q

Empresario

A

A land agent in Texas

28
Q

Franklin Pierce

A

14th President of the US that fought in the Mexican-American War

29
Q

Gadsen Purchase

A

Agreement between US and Mexico. US paid Mexico ten million dollars for land known now as Arizona and New Mexico

30
Q

James k Polk

A

11th President of the US

31
Q

John Sutter

A

Owned land in California and discovered the first gold nuggets to start the California Gold Rush

32
Q

Levi Strauss

A

Entrepreneur who became rich by selling denim jeans to the Gold Rush miners

33
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

Settlement of the American West

34
Q

Mexican Cession

A

agreement that Mexico made with the US at the end of the Mexican-American War that gave up the Southwest to the US.

35
Q

Mexican-American War

A

1846-1848 fought over the issue of where border between Texas and Mexico should be

36
Q

Mormons

A

Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

37
Q

Oregon Trail

A

One of the main routes used by settlers going West

38
Q

Republic of Texas

A

Texas was its own country

39
Q

Sam Houston

A

Leader of the Texas Revolution and the first president of the Republic of Texas. Houston Texas was named after him

40
Q

Santa Fe Trail

A

Important wagon train route used by traders in New Mexico

41
Q

Stephen Austin

A

“Father of Texas” and Austin Texas was named after him

42
Q

Subsistence Farming

A

Food that farmers produced were mostly used for feeding their families

43
Q

Texas Annexation

A

War fought 1835-1836 between Texas and the Mexican government

44
Q

Treaty of Guadalupe

A

signed by US and Mexico after US won the Mexican-American War

45
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

Proposal to prohibit slavery in any land from Mexico

46
Q

Zachary Taylor

A

12th President of the US. Nickname was “Rough and Ready”

47
Q

Andrew Johnson

A

17th President of the US. Hew was Lincoln’s Vice-President and became the President after Lincoln was assassinated

48
Q

Fugitive Slave Laws

A

Outline procedures requirements and punishments related to return of escaped slaves to their owners

49
Q

Reservation

A

Area of land set aside for Native Americans

50
Q

Vaquero

A

“Cattle Herder” 1st cowboys in North America

American History (12 decks)

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