Ch 4 Establishing a New Nation

Question 1

Commerce

Answer 1

The buying and selling of goods and services.

Question 2

Bill of Rights

Answer 2

First 10 amendments to the Constitution. Explanation of people’s rights

Question 3

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 3

plan for governing and creating new states carved out of the Northwest Territory

Question 4

Northwest Territory

Answer 4

a territory including Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin, and parts of Minnesota

Question 5

Legislative

Answer 5

related to laws and legal issues. It is the name of the branch of government that is responsible for making laws in a nation or state.

Question 6

Articles of Confederation

Answer 6

First constitution of the US. It was ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states; it provided a legal symbol of their union by giving the central government little to no power over the states or their citizens

Question 7

Daniel Shays

Answer 7

leader of a rebellion that highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and helped convince leaders that the United States needed a stronger federal government.

Question 8

Constitutional Convention

Answer 8

Convention that met in Philadelphia in 1787 and drafted the Constitution of the United States.

Question 9

Depression

Answer 9

A major slowdown in the economy

Question 10

Great Compromise

Answer 10

plan at the Constitutional Convention that settled the differences between large and small states by creating a bicameral legislature.

Question 11

House of Representatives

Answer 11

the legislative house where each state has a different number of representatives determined by the state’s population

Question 12

Senate

Answer 12

the legislative house where each state has the same amount of representatives

Question 13

Compromise

Answer 13

To settle a dispute by terms agreeable to both sides

Question 14

The New Jersey Plan

Answer 14

was a plan for creating the legislative branch of the federal government and determining how many representatives each state would have in the legislature. Paterson’s plan called for a single house in the legislature and for each state to have one vote.

Question 15

William Paterson

Answer 15

proposed the New Jersey Plan

Question 16

Edmund Randolph

Answer 16

First Attorney General of the United States. Proposed the Virginia Plan

Question 17

The Virginia Plan

Answer 17

James Madison’s proposal for a bicameral legislature with representation based on population

Question 18

Executive Branch

Answer 18

the branch of the United States government that is responsible for carrying out the laws

Question 19

Judicial Branch

Answer 19

the branch of government charged with the interpretation of laws and the administration of justice

Question 20

Legislative Branch

Answer 20

Branch of government that makes the laws

Question 21

Framers

Answer 21

Group of delegates who drafted the United States Constitution at the Philadelphia Convention in 1787

Question 22

James Madison

Answer 22

father of the constitution; leading federalist; author of the Bill of Rights

Question 23

Constitution

Answer 23

a written document that describes the structure and powers of a national or state government

Question 24

Three-fifths compromise

Answer 24

Three-fifths of slaves would count towards taxes and representatives

Question 25

George Mason

Answer 25

Three-fifths of slaves would count towards taxes and representatives

Question 26

The Federalist Papers

Answer 26

a series of essays written to build support for ratification of the Constitution

Question 27

Anti-federalists

Answer 27

Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption.

Question 28

Federalists

Answer 28

Supporters of the U.S. Constitution at the time the states were contemplating its adoption.

Question 29

Checks and Balances

Answer 29

a system in which each branch of government is able to check, or restrain, the power of the others

Question 30

Separation of Powers

Answer 30

The phrase separation of powers refers to the separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government so that no one branch becomes too strong

Question 31

Reserved Power

Answer 31

a power set aside by the Constitution for the state or for the people

Question 32

Patrick Henry

Answer 32

Virginia antifederalist leader who thought the Constitution spelled the end of liberty and equality. “Give me liberty, or give me death!” Accepted the constitution after the Bill of Rights were added.

Question 33

Judicial Review

Answer 33

review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act.

Question 34

Veto

Answer 34

Chief executive’s power to reject a bill passed by a legislature

Question 35

Majority Rule

Answer 35

a system in which the ideas and decisions supported by the most people are followed

Question 36

Cabinet

Answer 36

A group of advisers to the president.

Question 37

Supreme Court

Answer 37

Article III of the U.S. Constitution established this for the United States as part of the judicial branch of the new government.

Question 38

Popular Sovereignty

Answer 38

A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.

Question 39

Preamble

Answer 39

a preliminary introduction to a statute or constitution (usually explaining its purpose)