Ch 5 Leaders and Challenges of a New Nation

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

The first United States Secretary of the Treasury and an early supporter of a strong central government.

Question 2

Edmund Randolph

Answer 2

Appointed U.S. attorney general when Washington became president .

Question 3

French Revolution

Answer 3

The people of France overthrew their rulers and created a new government. The revolution was inspired by the ideals of the Enlightenment, which had also inspired the leaders of the American Revolution.

Question 4

Henry Knox

Answer 4

The country’s first secretary of war.

Question 5

Precedent

Answer 5

Something that has been done in the past that becomes a model of how to do it in the future.

Question 6

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 6

The first U.S. secretary of state. During Washington’s administration the first political parties developed, with him as the leader of the Republican party

Question 7

George Washington

Answer 7

Often called the “Father of the Country,” The first president.

Question 8

Washington D.C.

Answer 8

The site for the nation’s capital was chosen as part of an agreement between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. Hamilton agreed to build the capital in the location that Jefferson wanted. In exchange, Jefferson agreed to urge Congress to vote for Hamilton’s plan for paying the nation’s war debts.

Question 9

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 9

were four laws passed by the U.S. Congress,1.naturalization act. It stated that foreigners had to live in the United States for 14 years before they could become citizens. 2. the Alien Act, stated that the president could deport any foreigner who was seen as dangerous. 3. the Alien Enemies Act, stated that citizens of countries that were enemies of the United States could be arrested or deported. 4., the Sedition Act, stated that the government could punish people who conspired against or published lies about the government.

Question 10

Washington’s Farewell Address

Answer 10

In this speech, Washington gave his major reason for not running for a third term as president: he felt the country no longer needed him. He also gave advice on foreign policy, saying that the United States should not establish permanent alliances with other nations and should not become too involved in events in Europe.

Question 11

Elitist

Answer 11

Any group of people who exercise power and influence because of their position in society and their education.

Question 12

Bank of the U.S.

Answer 12

In 1791 the U.S. Congress issued a charter for the young nation’s first central bank

Question 13

Jay’s Treaty

Answer 13

As part of this treaty, the British agreed to leave the Northwest Territory by 1796. They also agreed to pay damages to American traders whose cargoes had been seized and to allow the United States to establish trade with England and the British East Indies. However, Jay failed to persuade the British to open trade between the British West Indies and the United States.

Question 14

Implied Powers

Answer 14

are powers that are not specifically listed in the Constitution but that people generally agree the government has.

Question 15

Kentucky and VA Resolutions

Answer 15

said the Constitution was created by an agreement of the states. Because of that states had the right to rule on whether or not a law was constitutional.

Question 16

Speculator

Answer 16

someone who takes a financial risk with the hope of making a financial gain

Question 17

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 17

occurred because people in the region opposed a federal tax on whiskey and other liquor.

Question 18

XYZ Affair

Answer 18

American diplomats were unable to meet with France’s foreign minister. Instead, they met with French secret agents. Adams later named these agents X, Y, and Z. These French agents tried to extort a large bribe from the Americans, stating that the money would be the only thing to repair relations between the two countries.

Question 19

Neutrality Proclamation

Answer 19

The U.S. would remain neutral in wars between France and Great Britain

Question 20

McCulloch v Maryland

Answer 20

solidified the idea that Congress could legally take actions implied but not explicitly stated in the Constitution. This broadened Congress’s powers at the time and is still an important source of congressional power.