chapter 7- jade lamas

Question 1

president

Answer 1

def: the chief executive officer of the united states, as established by article II of the U.S. constitution.
sent: The authority granted to the president by the U.S. constitution and through subsequent congressional legislation makes it a position with awesome power and responsibility.

Question 2

vice president

Answer 2

def: an officer created by article II of the U.S. constitution to preside over the U.S. senate and to fill any vacancy in the office of president due to death, resignation, removal or disability.
sent: The constitution requires the vice president to be a natural born citizen of the united states, at least 35 years old, and a resident of the united states for 14 years or longer.

Question 3

twenty-second amendment

Answer 3

def: adopted in 1951; prevents presidents from serving more than 2 terms, or more than 10 years if they came to office via the death, resignation, or removal of their predecessor.
sent: Negative reaction to his long tenure in office led to passage of the 22nd amendment.

Question 4

watergate

Answer 4

def: a scandal in the early 1970’s involving a break-in at the democratic national committee offices in the watergate office complex. the involvement of members of the nixon administration and subsequent cover-up attempts led to president richard nixon’s resignation from office and jail sentences for some members of his administration.
sent: The watergate also produced a major decision from the supreme court.

Question 5

executive privilege

Answer 5

def: an implied presidential power that allows the president to refuse to disclose information regarding confidential conversations or national security to congress or the judiciary.
sent: The watergate produced a major decision from the supreme court on the scope of what is termed executive privilege.

Question 6

u.s. v nixon (1974)

Answer 6

def: supreme court ruling power of the president, holding that no absolute constitutional executive privilege allows a president to refuse to comply with a court order to produce information needed in a criminal trial.
sent: In u.s. v. nixon the supreme court ruled unanimously that no overriding executive privilege sanctioned the president’s refusal to comply with a court order to produce info. for use in the trial of the watergate defendants.

Question 7

presidential succession act

Answer 7

def: a 1947 law enacted by congress that provides for the filling of any simultaneous vacancy of the presidency and vice presidency.
sent: In 1947, congress passed the presidential succession act.

Question 8

25th amendment

Answer 8

def: adopted in 1967 to establish in procedures for filling vacancies in the office of president and vice president as well as providing for procedures to deal with the disability of a president.
sent: The 25th amendment became part of the constitution in 1967.

Question 9

cabinet

Answer 9

def: the formal body of presidential advisers who head the 15 executive departments. presidents often add others to this body of formal advisers.
sent: The senate traditionally gave his selections great respect-especially those for the cabinet.

Question 10

league of nations

Answer 10

def: a multilateral diplomatic organization that existed from 1920-1946 that sought, unsuccessfully, to prevent future wars; the united states never joined.
sent: At winston’s insistence, it also called for the creation of league of nations.

Question 11

executive agreements

Answer 11

def: formal international agreements entered into by the president that do not require the advice and consent of the u.s. senate.
sent: Presidents may try to use executive agreements to form secret and highly sensitive arrangements with foreign nations.

Question 12

veto

Answer 12

def: the formal, constitutional authority of the president to reject bills passed by both houses of congress, thus preventing them from becoming law without further congressional action.
def: The president should have should have an absolute and final veto over acts of congress.

Question 13

pardon

Answer 13

def: an executive grant providing restoration of all rights and privileges of citizenship to a specific individual charged with or convicted of a crime.
sent: A pardon releases an individual from a punishment or legal consequence of a crime.

Question 14

inherent powers

Answer 14

def: powers that belong to the president because they can be inherent from the constitution.
def: Washington’s supporters argued that the constitution granted the president inherent powers.

Question 15

first lady

Answer 15

def: the designation provided to the wife of a president or, at the state level, of a governor; no specific analogue exists for a male spouse.
def: The spouses of the u.s. president are called the first lady.

Question 16

executive office of the president (EOP)

Answer 16

def: a mini-bureaucracy created in 1939 to help the president oversee the executive branch bureaucracy.
sent: FDR established the executive office of the president to oversee his new deal programs.

Question 17

bully pulpit

Answer 17

def: the view that a major power of the presidency, albeit not one prescribed by the constitution, is to draw attention to and generate support for particular positions.
sent: Presidents tried to reach out to the public to gain support for their programs through what president theodore roosevelt called the bully pulpit.

Question 18

office of management and budget (OMB)

Answer 18

def: the office that prepares the presidents annual budget proposal, reviews the budget and programs of the executive departments, supplies economic forecasts, and conducts detailed analyses of proposed bills and agency rules.
sent: President Nixon changed its name to the office of management and budget to clarify its function in the executive branch.

Question 19

executive order

Answer 19

def: rule or regulation issued by the president that has the effect of law. all executive orders must be published in the federal register.
sent: Presidents may institute major policy changes by issuing an executive order.

Question 20

signing statements

Answer 20

def: occasional written comments attached to a bill signed by the president.
sent: Presidents may also issue signing statements when signing legislation.