Chapter 7: Greece, Home of Beauty Flashcards
what are the two prominent regions of ancient Greece?
Attica and the Peloponnesus
what is the name given to the earliest cultures of Europe that developed along the shores and islands of the Aegean sea?
Aegean civilization
Who were the first important European civilization after the flood?
The Minoans
which people group lived on the Greek mainland?
Mycenaeans
Who invaded the Mycenaeans?
The Dorians
What was the name given to the Mycenaeans, who escaped to Asia, minor and Attica?
Ionians
What was the name given to the group of people formed from the fusion of the Mycenaeans and the Dorians?
Hellenes
Who had more influence on the thinking of the people of Greece than any other poet? What were his works called?
Homer; the Iliad and the odyssey
name some of the Olympian gods. Name one of the heroes.
Zeus, Artimus, Athena, Aries, Aphrodite, hera; Achilles
from what word do we derive the word politics?
Polis
name the structures found in a Greek city state
The acropolis, the agora, the gymnasium, and the amphitheater
what were the people called who did not speak Greek?
Barbarians
When was the first recorded date of the Olympic games?
776 BC
What Persian king caused the Ionian revolt? What three cities refused this kings demands?
Darius I; Athens Eritrea and Sparta
what are the dates for the Greco Persian wars?
490 to 479 BC
what battle proved that the Persians could be defeated, and brought great prestige to Athens?
Battle of marathon
Who who is Darius’s son?
Xerxes the first
what battle was the first major naval battle in history?
Battle of Salamis
Who tricked Xerxes into fighting a naval battle in the narrow straight between the mainland in the island of Salamis?
Themistocles
Whos defeat was a turning point in history?
Xerxes
what is a monarchy? what were the two bodies that advised the Greek monarch?
rule by one; Council Elders and Assembly
what is rule by the best?
aristocracy
what is rule by the few rich?
oligarchy
what is tyranny?
bad one man rule
what is democracy?
rule by the many poor
what was the Spartans chief accomplishment?
peloponnesian league
who’s code of laws were merciless? who’s code of laws were the opposite?
Draco; Solon
who was the first tyrant of athens?
Peisistratus
which tyrant imposed ostracizing?
Cleisthenes
who brought Athenian democracy to its fullest measure?
Pericles
what is the age of Pericles referred to as?
“Golden age of Greece”
what league was formed in expectation of Persian trouble?
Delian League
what were the dates for the Peliponnesian war?
431-404BC
what king determined to conquer all of Greece?
Philip II
What league did Philip II create?
Hellenic League
Who was Phillip II son? who was his teacher?
alexander the great; aristotle
when did alexander cross over the Hellespont?
334BC
after what battle was alexander’s kingdom split?
Ipsus
what three dynasties resulted from alexander’s empire?
ptolemies, seleucids, antigonids
when did ancient Greece flourish?
700s-338 BC
what is a well educated slave who was charged with a boys manners and morals?
pedagogue
what is the greatest Athenian temple?
Parthenon
who was remembered as the Greek father of history?
Herodotus
who was the first great Greek poet?
Homer
What writer was famous for his fables?
Aesop
who discovered many important mathematical concepts in geometry?
pythagoras
who developed the theory that all matter is composed of atoms?
democritus
who is known as the Father of Medicine and is famous for his oath?
Hippocrates
which early philosophers where relativists?
sophists
who began the search for absolutes?
socrates
Who attempted to find an explanation for the obvious order, design, and purpose in the universe and wrote the republic?
Plato
Who concluded that the order of the universe must’ve come from God?
Aristotle
who was famous for his philosophy of Stoicism?
Zeno
who was famous for epicureanism?
Epicurious
what language became the common language of the known world?
koine greek
