Chapter 7 - Gastrointestinal Drugs

Question 1

Name the types of gastrointestinal drugs (7)

Answer 1

1) Antiulcer drugs
2) antiflatulent (absorbent, 3) digestive drugs)
4) antidiarrheal (laxatives)
5) obesity drugs
6) antiemetic drugs (motion sickness)
7) anti-lipemics (statins & absorbants)

Question 2

Name the 5 antiulcer drugs

Answer 2

1) systemic antibiotics
2) Antacids
3) Histamine (H2)- receptor antagonists
4) proton pump inhibitors
5) other antiulcer drugs (misoprostol & sucralfate)

Question 3

What are common sites of peptic ulcers?

Answer 3

Cardiac sphincter, gastric ulcer, esophageal ulcer, pyloric sphincter, duodenal ulcer

Question 4

What are some predisposing factors to peptic ulcers?

Answer 4

H. pylori 
mechanical
genetic
environmental
drugs
symptoms: aching pains

Question 5

Name some non-pharmacologic measures that can be taken to prevent peptic ulcers?

Answer 5

Avoid tobacco/alcohol
Avoid hot, spicy, & greasy foods
Take NSAID's with food or decrease dose
Sit upright
Do not eat before bedtime
Wear loose-fitting clothing

Question 6

Name 4 systemic antibiotics (antiulcer drugs)

Answer 6

1) Amoxicillin
2) clarithromycin (non-cillin)
3) Metronidazole (Falgyl)- giardia and parasites
4) Tetracycline- broad spectrum

Question 7

These systemic antibiotics are used to treat what?

Answer 7

1) H. pylori

2) duodenal ulcer risk reduction

Question 8

What are drug interactions and adverse reactions of systemic antibiotics?

Answer 8

Drug interactions:
Digoxin, Oral anticoagulants
Adverse reactions:
GI disturbances, abnormal tastes

Question 9

Antacids do what?

Answer 9

neutralize gastric acid

Question 10

What do antacids treat?

Answer 10

Peptic ulcer disease, pain relief, acid indigestion, heartburn & dyspepsia (indigestion), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hyperphosphatemia (high phosphate in blood)

Question 11

What does a tranquilizer act on?

Answer 11

Vagus nerve

Question 12

Anticholinergics do what?

Answer 12

decrease acetylcholine

Question 13

proton pump inhibitors do what?

Answer 13

suppress gastric acid secretions

Question 14

pepsin inhibitor does what?

Answer 14

coats the ulcer

Question 15

Name a type of tranquilizer than is a combination of an anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), and an anticholinergic

Answer 15

Chlordiazepoxide, clidinium (Librax)

reduces vagal stimulation and decreases anxiety

Question 16

The anticholinergic propantheline (Pro-Banthine) does what?

Answer 16

1) inhibits release of HCl by blocking acetylcholine and histamine
2) to take with meals to decrease acid secretion