Chapter 7 - Data Analysis and Evaluation [ARCHIVE] Flashcards
What is Data?
Data is a collection of facts or raw information. Data can be displayed in many forms such as graphs.
What are the 3 most common graphs?
Column graphs, sector graphs, and divided bar graphs.
What is a frequency table?
It is an efficient way to organise and count a large set of data values.
What is frequency?
The amount of times a value appears in a set of data.
What is the two types of data?
Categorical and numerical.
What is the difference between categorical and numerical data?
categorical can be grouped into categories like what is and isn’t seafood, whereas numerical can be counted or measured such as height or the amount of things.
What type of data divides into two more types?
Numerical, and it divides into discrete and continuous.
What is discrete data?
Is things that are counted or measured and can only take on separate distinct values, there can be NO DECIMALS
What is continuous data?
Continuous data can be measured on a smooth scale without any gaps (no decimals) and can take on a full range of values
What is the mean for a set of data?
The average value.
What is the mean formula?
sum of values
———————— = x
number of values
What is the mode for a set of data?
The most common value in a set of data.
What is the median for a set of data?
The middle number, or the average of the two middle numbers.
What is the range for a set of data?
The biggest value - the lowest value.
What does the top row of a frequency table consist of?
Score, Frequency, Fx (Frequency x Score)
What is a dot plot?
A graph that uses dots to show the frequency of each data value. They show gaps, clusters, and outliers.
What is a stem and leaf plot?
It is like a sideways column graph. They show modes, clusters or outlies and how they spread out.
Numerical Data can be graphed on what two thing?
A frequency histogram (bar graph) and a frequency polygon (line graph).
What is a sample?
-surveys a representative group
-simple and inexpensive
-can be done quick
What is a census?
-surveys all people or items
-gives exact information about the population.
-complex and expensive
-takes a lot of time
What is the difference between a random sampling and a biased sampling?
Random, a sampling that is randomly selected, Biased, a sampling that is purposely selected based off different ideas.
What is the criteria for a good survey question?
-uses plain English
-not too open-ended
-no bias
-protects privacy
-provides choices
