Body Systems - 3.2 Breathing and Respiration [ARCHIVE] Flashcards
What is respiration?
The series of chemical changes that take place in cells to release energy.
What is breathing?
Breathing is the process by which the body takes in and lets out air for humans and many other animals.
What is the respiratory system and what does it do?
It is the system of organs and tissues that take air into the body and make the oxygen available to the cells.
What does your respiratory system allow?
Oxygen to pass into your bloodstream to be distributed to the cells for respiration.
What happens to air within the nasal cavity?
The air is warmed and moistened.
What are the hairs inside of your nostrils called and what do they do?
Cilia, and they help you filter large dust particles as the air passes through the cilia.
Where does mucus inside someones nose come from and what does it do?
Mucus comes from the glands in the skin lining the nose. Mucus helps cilia trap fine particles.
Where does the mucus and trapped particles in the nose move to?
They move to the back of the nose and into the pharynx. It is then swallowed.
Where does the warm, moist air pass down to?
Your trachea (windpipe).
What are the thin walls of the trachea reinforced with?
The thin walls of the trachea reinforced with rings of firm elastic material called cartilage.
(you can feel it at the front of your throat)
What does cartilage do?
Keeps your trachea from collapsing as you breathe in.
What does the trachea divide into?
2 bronchi (singular: bronchus) which divide and divide into even smaller tubes (brochioles).
What happens when the 2 bronchi divide into bronchioles?
It eventually ends in a cluster of sacs called alveoli (singular: alveolus) in the lungs.
What does the alveoli do?
Provides a very large surface area that allows gas to be easily exchanged between the lungs and blood stream.
How thick are the walls of the alveoli?
Only 1 cell thick and surrounded by tiny blood vessels called capillaries.
