Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PATHOLOGY 250 > Chapter 7 - Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

State the flow of blood starting with the vena cava

A

(deoxygenated)inferior&superior vena cava –> Right Atrium –> tricuspid valve –> Right Ventricle –> Pulmonary Valve –> R&L Pulmonary Arteries –> Lungs –> (oxygenated) R&L Pulmonary Veins –> Left Atrium –> Mitral Valve –>Left Ventricle –> Aortic Valve –> Aorta –> Rest of Body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the function of the cardiovascular system?

A

to supply blood to all the tissues of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what’s another term for left atrioventricular valve?

A

mitral valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what’s another term for right atrioventricular valve?

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

blood flow from the heart - rest of body - back to the heart

A

systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

blow flow from the heart - lungs - back to the heart

A

pulmonary circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

partition that separates the right and left chambers

A

septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

contraction of the heart

A

systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

relaxation of the heart

A

diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

double membrane sac that surrounds the heart

A

pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

heart muscle

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

blood vessels that develop to provide an alternative route around an obstruction

A

collaterals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the layers of the heart from inside to outside

A

intima
muscular media
adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

most common congenital cardiac defect

A

atrial septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

allows shunting of blood from the high pressure left atria to the low pressure right atria

A

atrial septal defect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

congenital narrowing of aorta

A

coarctation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

accumulation of fatty material in a vessel

A

atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

results in narrowing of the lumen

A

atherosclerosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

does atherosclerosis cause ischemia?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

chest pain resulting from mild ischemia

A

angina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what can atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries lead to?

A

MI(heart attack)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is a lesion?

A

plaque plus a cap

can rupture and becomes highly thrombogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

dilating an artery with a balloon&stent

A

angioplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does CABG stand for?

A

coronary artery bypass graft

25
Q

open heart surgery

A

CABG

26
Q

used to bypass coronary arteries that have a stenosis in CABG

A

veins from the legs (saphenous vein)

27
Q

what does hypertension lead to?

A

Congestive Heart Failure(CHF)

28
Q

what does CHF lead to?

A

pulmonary edema

29
Q

the force exerted by circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels

A

blood pressure

30
Q

what is normal blood pressure?

A

120/80

31
Q

what is the top number?

120/80

A

systole

32
Q

the failure of the heart to provide the body with enough blood

A

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

33
Q

what are the 2 main causes of CHF?

A

heart attack

high blood pressure

34
Q

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the lung tissue

A

pulmonary edema

35
Q

accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

A

pleural effusion

36
Q

what is the radiographic appearance of pleural effusion?

A

blunting of the costophrenic angle

37
Q

an abnormal bulging of an artery

A

aneurysm

38
Q

separating of the layers of the aorta

A

dissection of the aorta

39
Q

what 2 layers of the aorta are separated with dissection?

A

intima & media

40
Q

results in true and false lumen

A

dissection of the aorta

41
Q

what is the result of A-fib?

A

thrombus in an artery

42
Q

blockage of a vessel caused by an object that has migrated from somewhere else in the body

A

embolism

43
Q

what is the most common kind of embolism?

A

thrombus

44
Q

where can a thrombus of the leg or right atrium travel?

A

pulmonary arteries

causes a pulmonary embolism

45
Q

where can a thrombus from the left atrium travel?

A

any other organ in the body except lungs

46
Q

an inflammatory disease that damages the valves of the heart 2-3 weeks after certain infections (ex. strep throat)

A

rheumatic heart disease

47
Q

narrowing of the mitral valve

A

mitral valve stenosis

48
Q

when the mitral valve does not close properly

A

mitral valve insufficiency

49
Q

what 2 things are involved with mitral valve insufficiency?

A

left atrium

left ventricle

50
Q

narrowing of the aortic valve

A

aortic valve stenosis

51
Q

when the aortic valve does not close properly

A

aortic valve insufficiency

52
Q

what 2 things are involved with aortic valve insufficiency?

A

left ventricle

aorta

53
Q

accumulation of fluid within the peridcardial space

A

pericardial effusion

54
Q

what is performed to remove fluid buildup around the heart?

A

pericardiocentesis

55
Q

primarily involves the lower extremities

A

thrombus in a vein

56
Q

primary source of a pulmonary embolism

A

thrombus in a vein

57
Q

dilated tortuous vessels

A

varicose veins

58
Q

what vessels do varicose veins most commonly involve?

A

superficial veins of the leg

59
Q

what is the cause of varicose veins?

A

valves failing to work properly and not preventing backflow

PATHOLOGY 250 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions