Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PATHOLOGY 250 > Chapter 6 - Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the function of the kidneys?

A

filter blood and produce urine
balance electrolytes
regulate blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

outer covering of the kidney

A

renal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

outer layer of renal tissue

A

renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inner layer of renal tissue

A

renal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

about how many renal pyramids are there?

A

10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

extensions of cortex between the renal pyramids

A

renal columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where are the kidneys located?

A

retroperitoneal in contact with the posterior abdominal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney

A

nephrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how many nephrons are in ONE kidney

A

1 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what 3 things does the nephron consist of?

A

glomerular capsule
glomerulus
renal tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is another name for the glomerular capsule?

A

bowman’s capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

a cluster of capillaries in a nephron

A

glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what actually filters the blood

A

glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

enters the glomerular capsule

A

afferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

leaves the glomerular capsule

A

efferent arteriole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 4 parts to the renal tubule?

A

proximal convoluted tubule
loop of henle
distal convoluted tubule
collecting duct

17
Q

small cup-shaped tubes where the collecting ducts empty into

A

minor calyces

18
Q

about how many major calyces in each kidney?

A

2-3

19
Q

major calyces unite to form the _______.

A

renal pelvis

20
Q

blood in the urine

A

hematuria

21
Q

a smaller than normal amount of urine production

A

oliguria

22
Q

painful urination

A

dysuria

23
Q

pus in the urine

A

pyuria

24
Q

presence of excessive amount of urea and nitrogen in the blood

A

uremia

25
Q

absence of an organ

A

agenesis

26
Q

absence of a kidney

A

renal agenesis

27
Q

how does renal agenesis occer?

A

it’s congenital

28
Q

abnormal development account for small size

A

hypoplasia

29
Q

wasting away, results in diminished size

A

atrophy

30
Q

surgical removal of a kidney

A

nephrectomy

31
Q

an increase in size of a kidney because one kidney must compensate for the absence or lack of function of the other kidney

A

compensatory hypertrophy

32
Q

rotated kidney

A

malrotation

33
Q

abnormally positioned kidneys

A

ectopic kidney

34
Q

lower poles of kidney are joined

A

horseshoe kidney

35
Q

kidney with two ureters

A

duplication

36
Q

telescoping of the distal ureter into the bladder

A

ureterocele

PATHOLOGY 250 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions