Chapter 4 - Fractures and Dislocations

Question 1

typically appears as a radiolucent line crossing the bone and disrupting the cortical margins

Answer 1

fracture

Question 2

fracture with portion of the cortex intact

Answer 2

incomplete fracture

Question 3

fracture with overlying skin intact

Answer 3

closed fracture

Question 4

fracture with overlying skin disrupted (bone sticking out of skin)

Answer 4

open(compound) fracture

Question 5

fracture that runs a course of approximately 45 degrees to the long axis of bone

Answer 5

oblique fracture

Question 6

fracture that encircles the shaft

Answer 6

spiral fractures

Question 7

fracture with small fragments torn from bony prominences

Answer 7

avulsion fractures

Question 8

fracture composed of more than two fragments

Answer 8

comminuted fracture

Question 9

fracture with compaction of bone that results in decreased height(vertebrae)

Answer 9

compression fracture

Question 10

fracture that occurs in the skull or tibial plateau

Answer 10

depressed fracture

Question 11

fracture not caused by force but rather some other pathologic process (tumor, infection, disease)

Answer 11

pathologic fracture

Question 12

fracture with the cortex intact with buckling

Answer 12

torus(buckle) fracture

Question 13

bowing of the bone due to force but not forceful enough to produce fracture

Answer 13

bowing fracture

Question 14

no angulatio and seperation of bone fragments

Answer 14

undisplaced fracture

Question 15

angulation and seperation of the bone fragments

Answer 15

displaced fracture

Question 16

displacement of a bone from its normal articulation

Answer 16

dislocation

Question 17

partial displacement

Answer 17

sublaxation

Question 18

when the fracture is manipulated without surgical incision

Answer 18

closed reduction

Question 19

splint or cast

Answer 19

external fixation

Question 20

ORIF

Answer 20

open reduction internal fixation

Question 21

metal plates, screws, wires, rods, nails

Answer 21

internal fixations

Question 22

transverse fracture through the distal radius with dorsal angulation

Answer 22

colles’ fracture

Question 23

fracture of the 5th metacarpal

Answer 23

boxers fracture

Question 24

how do you know if the elbow is fractured?

Answer 24

you’ll see “fat pad signs” on the lateral projection of the elbow.

Question 25

bimalleolar fracture

Answer 25

potts fracture

Question 26

fracture of the medial and lateral malleoli and the distal posterior aspect of the tibia

Answer 26

trimalleolar fracture

Question 27

fracture of the base of the 5th metatarsal

Answer 27

Jones fracture

Question 28

if the shoulder is dislocated anteriorly, where will the humeral head be?

Answer 28

beneath the coracoid process

Question 29

which type of dislocation is most common in hips?

Answer 29

posterior dislocation

Question 30

a comminuted fracture of the ring of the atlas

Answer 30

Jeffersons fracture

Question 31

fracture of C2 with anterior sublaxation of C2 on C3

Answer 31

Hangman’s fracture

Question 32

avulsion fracture of a spinous process in the lower cervical or upper throracic spine

Answer 32

Clay shoveler’s fracture

Question 33

common in the thoracolumbar spine

Answer 33

compression fractures

Question 34

act as shock absorbers between the vertebrae

Answer 34

intervertebral disks

Question 35

outer cartilage

Answer 35

annulus pulposus

Question 36

central cartilage

Answer 36

nucleus pulposus

Question 37

pain that radiates down the back of the thigh and lower leg

Answer 37

sciatica

Question 38

caused by a herniated disk

Answer 38

sciatica

Question 39

contrast injected into the spinal canal

Answer 39

myelography

Question 40

a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis

Answer 40

spondylolysis

Question 41

forward displacement of one vertebrae over a lower one

Answer 41

spondylolisthesis

Question 42

wasting away of the disks in between the vertebral bodies

Answer 42

degenerative disk disease