Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PATHOLOGY 250 > Chapter 5 - GI > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - GI Flashcards

0
Q

Double-walled membranous sac that encloses the abdominopelvic cavity

A

Peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Tube that extends from the mouth to the anus

A

Alimentary tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Space behind peritoneum

A

Retroperitoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Largest gland in the body

A

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which 2 vessels give the liver both it’s blood supply?

A

Hepatic artery

Portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood from the abdominal aorta

A

Hepatic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Carries deoxygenated blood from digestive system to be filtered by the liver

A

Portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary function of the liver?

A

Production of bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the biliary system consist of?

A

Bile ducts and gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many hepatic ducts are in the liver?

A

2 (Right&Left)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which 2 ducts connect to form the common hepatic duct?

A

Right and left hepatic ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which 2 ducts unite to form the common bile duct?

A

Common hepatic duct

Cystic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which duct does the common bile duct unite with?

What is is called?

A

The pancreatic duct

Ampulla of Vater (hepatopancreatic ampulla)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What controls the opening of the ampulla of vater into the duodenum

A

Sphincter of oddi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of the gallbladder?

A

Store and concentrate bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The visualization of the interior of the GI tract with a fiber optic camera

A

Endoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Surgically created opening of the intestine through the abdominal wall for fecal passage

A

Colostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

An abnormal opening between the trachea and esophagus

A

Congenital Tracheoesophageal Fistula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The esophagus ends in a blind pouch

A

Congenital esophageal atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The absence of a normal body opening

A

Atresia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does GERD stand for?

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What most commonly causes esophagitis?

A

GERD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is GERD?

A

Reflux of the stomach contents into te esophagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dilated veins in the esophagus

A

Esophageal varices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are esophageal varices usually associated with?

A

Alcoholism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Term that means an opening

A

Hiatus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

An abnormal protrusion of an organ through an opening

A

Hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Protrusion of part of the stomach through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

Hiatal hernia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The inability of the cardiac sphincter to relax

A

Achalasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Inflammation of the stomach

A

Gastritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Areas of erosion in the stomach or duodenum

A

Ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is the best view for the duodenum?

A

RAO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Congenital narrowing of the pyloric canal

A

Pyloric stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are ulcers caused by?

A

Excessive stomach acid and bacteria

34
Q

What are the two types of inflammatory bowel disease?

A

Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis

35
Q

Which inflammatory bowel disease is in the small bowel?

A

Crohn’s disease

36
Q

Which inflammatory bowel disease is in the colon?

A

Ulcerative colitis

37
Q

Also known as Reginal Enteritis

A

Crohn’s disease

38
Q

Usually in the terminal ileum but can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract

A

Crohn’s disease

39
Q

Which age group is Crohn’s disease mostly common in?

A

Young adults

40
Q

What does early stage of Crohn’s disease look like on an x-ray?

A

Cobblestone

41
Q

What does late stage of Crohn’s disease look like on an x-ray?

A

String sign

42
Q

Prolapse of the bowel into itself “telescoping”

A

Intussuception

43
Q

Scar tissue that binds two pieces of anatomy that are normally separate

A

Adhesions

44
Q

Twisting of a bowel loop on itself

A

Volvulus

45
Q

“Obstruction “due to lack of peristalsis

A

Ileus

46
Q

Inflammation of the appendix

A

Appendicitis

47
Q

Out pouching’s of the colon

A

Diverticulas

48
Q

Inflammation of the diverticula

A

Diverticulitis

49
Q

The condition of having several diverticula

A

Diverticulosis

50
Q

Escape of contrast from the normal lumen

A

Extravasation

51
Q

What does the radiographic appearance of diverticula look like?

A

Extravasation

52
Q

Abnormal growth that protrudes into the lumen of the bowel; precancerous

A

Polyps

53
Q

Inflammation of the colon only

A

Ulcerative colitis

54
Q

What’s the radiographic appearance of ulcerative colitis?

A

Granular

55
Q

What’s the radiographic difference between Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis?

A

There are no “skip areas “

56
Q

What is chronic ulcerative colitis characterized by?

A

lead-pipe sign

57
Q

Diagnosed by a collection of symptoms and everything else is ruled out

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

58
Q

A functional disorder of the colon

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

59
Q

Usually caused by cancer

A

Large bowel obstruction

60
Q

What is cancer of the colon commonly characterized by?

A

“Apple-core” sign

61
Q

What is IBD?

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

62
Q

What are the two types of inflammatory bowel disease?

A

Crohn’s disease

Ulcerated colitis

63
Q

What does IBS stand for?

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

64
Q

Is irritable bowel syndrome a functional problem or a mechanical problem?

A

Both

65
Q

What is irritable bowel syndrome characterized by?

A

Cramping

Diarrhea

66
Q

What is IBS caused by?

A

Peristalsis being too fast

67
Q

X-ray of the gallbladder; obsolete

A

Cholecystogram

68
Q

X-ray of the biliary ducts of the liver

A

Cholangiogram

69
Q

Surgical removal of the gallbladder

A

Cholecystectomy

70
Q

What are the two ways to have a cholecystectomy?

A

Laparoscopic

Open surgery

71
Q

The presence of gallstones

A

Cholelithiasis

72
Q

Inflammation of the gallbladder

A

Cholecystitis

73
Q

What is cholecystitis usually caused by?

A

Obstruction of the cystic duct by gallstone

74
Q

Varicose veins of the rectum

A

Hemorrhoids

75
Q

An end-stage liver disease usually caused by alcoholism

A

Cirrhosis

76
Q

What happens to the liver with cirrhosis?

A

Fibrous scar tissue replaces destroyed liver cells

77
Q

Free air in the peritoneal cavity

A

Pneumoperitoneum

78
Q

Why is the left lateral decubitus preferred over the right lateral decubitus?

A

Because free air contrasts with the liver and it shows up better in a left

79
Q

What are the 3 special procedures involving the biliary system?

A

PTC
Post-op T-tube Cholangiography
ERCP

80
Q

During a cholangiogram, where is the T-tube placed?

A

Common hepatic duct

Common bile duct

81
Q

What is cannulized during an ERCP?

A

The ampulla of Vater

82
Q

What is an ERCP used to visualize?

A

Abnormalities in the biliary system or pancreas

83
Q

Why is contrast injected in a cholangiogram after the gallbladder is removed?

A

To demonstrate the patency of the ducts in the status of the sphincter of Oddi

PATHOLOGY 250 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions