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EMT CLASS > CHAPTER 7 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of blood vessels, forming plaque, eventually leading to partical or complete blockage of blood flow

A

atherosclerosis

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2
Q

Injury caused by pressure to enclosed body surfaces, for example, from too much pressure in the lungs

A

barotrauma

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3
Q

A type of reasoning in which a child looks for approval from peers and society

A

conventional reasoning

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4
Q

A young adult age 19-40 year

A

early adult

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5
Q

Areas where the neonate’s infant’s skill has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age

A

fontanelles

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6
Q

A young child age 1 month to 1 year

A

infant

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7
Q

The average number of years a person can be expected to live

A

life expectancy

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8
Q

An adult age 41 to 60 years

A

middle adult

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9
Q

An infant reflex in which, when an infant is caught off guard, the infant opens his/her arms wide, spread the fingers and seems to grab at things

A

Moro reflex

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10
Q

A newborn age birth to 1 month

A

neonate

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11
Q

The basic filtering units in the kidneys

A

nephrons

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12
Q

An adult age 61 years or older

A

older adult

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13
Q

An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant’s palm; the infant grasps the object

A

palmar grasp

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14
Q

A type of reasoning in which a child bases decisions on his or her conscience

A

postconventional reasoning

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15
Q

A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment to get what he or she wants

A

preconventional reasoning

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16
Q

Children between ages 3 to 6 years

A

preschool-age

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17
Q

An infant reflex that occurs when something touches an infant’s cheek, and the infant instinctively turns his or her head toward the touch

A

rooting reflex

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18
Q

A person who is 6-12 years of age

A

school-age

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19
Q

An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when his or her lips are stroked

A

sucking reflex

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20
Q

A child age 1-3 years

A

toddler

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21
Q

Refers to a stage of development from birth to approximately 18 months of age, during which infants gain trust of their parents or caregivers if their world is planned, organized & routine

A

trust and mistrust

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22
Q

Prior to birth, fetal circulation occurs through the ______

A

placenta

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23
Q

Vital signs for neonate (0-1 month)?

A

90-180 pulse rate beats/m
30-60 respirations breaths/m
50-70 systolic pressure mm Hg
98-100 Temp

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24
Q

Vital signs for an infant (1m-1y)?

A

100-160 pulse rate beats/m
25-50 respirations breaths/m
70-95 systolic pressure mm Hg
96.8-99.6 Temp

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25
Q

Vital signs for an toddler (1-3)?

A

90-150 pulse rate beats/m
20-30 respirations breaths/m
80-100 systolic pressure mm Hg
96.8-99.6 Temp

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26
Q

Vital signs for preschool age (3-6)?

A

80-140 pulse rate beats/m
20-25 respirations breaths/m
80-100 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

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27
Q

Vital signs for school age (6-12)?

A

70-120 pulse rate beats/m
15-20 respirations breaths/m
80-110 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

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28
Q

Vital signs for an adolescent (12-18)?

A

60-100 pulse rate beats/m
12-20 respirations breaths/m
90-110 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

29
Q

Vital signs for an early adult (19-40)?

A

60-100 pulse rate beats/m
12-20 respirations breaths/m
90-140 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

30
Q

Vital signs for a middle adult (41-60)?

A

60-100 pulse rate beats/m
12-20 respirations breaths/m
90-140 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

31
Q

Vital signs for an older adult (61+)?

A

60-100 pulse rate beats/m
12-20 respirations breaths/m
90-140 systolic pressure mm Hg
98.6 Temp

32
Q

At what stage do infants begin to recognize familiar faces ; tracks objects with eyes?

A

2 months

33
Q

At what stage do infants begin to brings objects to mouth ; smiles and frowns?

A

3 months

34
Q

At what stage do infants begin to reaches out to people ; drools?

A

4 months

35
Q

At what stage do infants begin to sleeps through the night; recognizes family members from strangers?

A

5 months

36
Q

At what stage do infants begin to teething; sits upright ; speaks one-syllable words?

A

6 months

37
Q

At what stage do infants begin to afraid of strangers; mood swings?

A

7 months

38
Q

At what stage do infants begin to responds to “no”; can sit alone; plays peek-a-boo?

A

8 months

39
Q

At what stage do infants begin to pulls up to stand; places objects in mouth to explore them?

A

9 months

40
Q

At what stage do infants begin to respond to his or her name and crawl efficiently?

A

10 months

41
Q

At what stage do infants begin to start to walk without help; frustrated with restrictions?

A

11 months

42
Q

At what stage do infants begin to know his or her name and walk?

A

12 months

43
Q

The formation of a close, personal relationship, is usually based on a secure attachment.

A

Bonding

44
Q

This attachment occurs when an infant understands that parents or caregivers will respond to their needs.

A

Secure attachment

45
Q

This attachment is observed in infants who are repeatedly rejected. They often develop an isolated lifestyle where they do not depend on others for support and care.

A

Anxious-avoidant attachment

46
Q

This type of anxiety is common in older infants, 10-18 months, that occurs with a fear of unfamiliar places and people.

A

Separation anxiety

47
Q

In a 72 y/o patient, what is likely to cause a fall?

A

hypotension

48
Q

In a 72 y/0 patient, what should be expected when you assess their pupils?

A

Slower pupillary reaction

49
Q

Changes in what body system can result in the most debilitating of age-related illnesses?

A

nervous

50
Q

What affects vital signs the most in older adults?

A

overall health of patient

51
Q

Who provides the most care for older adults in the US?

A

family members

52
Q

A 72 y/o patients falls, what influence will medications the patients takes have on the portential reason for the fall?

A

The medication side effects. Some cause dizziness, weakness or hypotension.

53
Q

Describe some of the contributors that affect life expectancy?

A

Year you were born, country you were born in. Based on public health advances, diets, attitude towards exercise, advances in medical care, attitude to medical care and personal behavior. Overall health, medical conditions and medications

54
Q

List at least 3 psychological issues people experience during late adulthood?

A

Rising costs of healthcare, mortality, death of friends and loved ones, isolation and depression.

55
Q

Why is there an increased need for additional extended care facilities?

A

The increasing number of older adults in the US as a result of the baby boom has produced a need for additional extended care facilities

56
Q

What is the decline in kidney function between ages of 20-90 years?

A

50%

57
Q

What is a nervous system change commonly found in older adults?

A

Deterioration of nerve endings

58
Q

Maturation of the reproductive system usually takes place during:

A

Adolescence

59
Q

What do middle adults tend to focus their time and energy on?

A

Achieving life goals

60
Q

What is the estimated maximum life expectancy for humans?

A

120 years

61
Q

When encountering a patient with depressed frontanelles, you should suspect:

A

dehydration

62
Q

The volume of air moved during the deepst points of respiration?

A

Vital capacity

63
Q

Diastolic blood pressure tends to increase/decrase with age?

A

Increase

64
Q

Most older adults can hear ____ and see _____

A

well, clearly

65
Q

A neonates head accounts for __% of it’s body weight

A

25%

66
Q

Changes in gastci and intestinal function may inhibit ____ intake and utilization in ___ adults

A

Nutritional, older

67
Q

Among older adults, ___ function in the 5 years preceding death is presumed to decline

A

mental

68
Q

Why does breathing become more labor intensive among older adults?

A

As people age, the size of the airway increases and the surface are of the alveoli decrease as does the natural elasticity of the lungs, forcing individuals to increasingly use the muscles between their ribs. As the elasticity of the lungs decreases, the overall strength of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm also decreases.

69
Q

The 9 basic stages of life:

A 
Neonate
Infant
Toddler
Preschool Age
School age
Adolescent
Early adult
Middle adult 
Late adult

EMT CLASS (19 decks)

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