CHAPTER 25

Question 1

Uncontrolled bleeding is the most common cause of ____ following a traumatic injury

Answer 1

hypoperfusion (shock)

Question 2

What does the cardiovascular system do?

Answer 2

Circulates blood to the body’s cells and tissues, delivering oxygen and nutrients and carrying away metabolic waste products. Includes the heart, arteries, veins and interconnecting capillaries

Question 3

The cardiovascular system is responsible supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow and consists of what 3 parts:

Answer 3

The pump (the heart)
A container (the blood vessels that reach the cells of the body)
The fluid (blood and body fluids)

Question 4

Because the heart cannot tolerate disruption for more than a few minutes, the heart muscle needs:

Answer 4

rich, well-distributed blood supply

Question 5

the main artery that receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body

Answer 5

aorta

Question 6

a blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle, that carries blood away from the heart

Answer 6

artery

Question 7

the smallest branches of arteries leading to the vast network of capillaries

Answer 7

arterioles

Question 8

the small blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules; various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the intersitial fluid, and then on to the cells

Answer 8

capillaries

Question 9

very small, thin-walled blood vessels

Answer 9

venules

Question 10

the blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart

Answer 10

veins

Question 11

Blood contains:

Answer 11

red cells (transport oxygen to cells and co2 away from cells), white cells , platelets (key to blood clots) and plasma

Question 12

Blood clot formation depends on:

Answer 12

blood stasis, changes in the blood vessel wall (such as a wound), and the bloods ability to clot.

Question 13

During an emergency, the autonomic nervous system automatically directs blood away from other organs to the ____, _____, ____, & _____.

Answer 13

heart, brains, lungs & kidneys

Question 14

If blood volume is significantly diminished and the system fails to provide sufficient circulation for every body part, what occurs?

Answer 14

Shock or hypoperfusion

Question 15

The circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells’ current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal

Answer 15

perfusion

Question 16

In what order does blood enter an organ?

Answer 16

firs tthrough the arteries, then the arterioles and finally through the capillary beds.