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School > Chapter 7-9 > Flashcards

Chapter 7-9 Flashcards

1
Q

Prenatal

A

Span: Conception - Birth
Milestones: Birth

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2
Q

Infancy

A

Span: 0-2
Milestones: Speaking, Motor Skills (walking), Indentifying people

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3
Q

Early Childhood

A

Span: 2-6
Milrstones: Toilet Trained, Eating with adults, Motor Skills (kicking, cathcing, throwing)

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4
Q

Late Childhood

A

Span: 6-12
Milestones: Primary School, Reading/Writing, Refining Motor Skills

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5
Q

Youth

A

Span: 12-18
Milestones: Puberty, Secondary School, Physical Changes (sexual characteristics)

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6
Q

Early Adulthood

A

Span: 18-40
Milestones: Marriage, Have Children, Body Reaching Physical Peak

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7
Q

Middle Adulthood

A

Span: 40-65
Milestones: Stability In Work/Relationships, Become Grandparents, Children May Gain Freedom

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8
Q

Late Adulthood

A

Span: 65 - Death
Milestones: Retirement, Financial Security, H&WB Decline

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9
Q

Perceptions of Youth

A
  • Youth are lazy and narcissistic
  • Youth lack the maturity of past generations
  • More concerned with how many likes they recieve
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10
Q

Perceptions of Adulthood

A
  • They are a burden to the healthcare
  • They are bad drivers
  • They complain a lot
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11
Q

Physical Development

A

Def: Referred to the changes to the body and its systems
Keywords: Growth, Motor Skills, Changes to the body (including function of sexual organs during puberty and decline of body systems)

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12
Q

Emotional Development

A

Def: Relates to experiencing the full range of emotions and increasing complexity relating to the expression of emotions, the development of self-concept and resilience
Keywords: Developing Self-concept, Building Resilience, Experiencing Full Range Of Emotions

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13
Q

Social Development

A

Def: Referred to as the increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people
Keywords: Social Roles, Communication Skills (oral or written communication), Relationship Skills (resolving conflict, open communication)

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14
Q

Intellectual Development

A

Def: The increase in complexity of processes in the brain such as thought, knowledge, memory
Keywords: Attention, Language, Creativity/Imagination

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15
Q

Infancy Development

A

Physical: Bones Continue To Ossify, Motor Development Follows A Proximodistal Pattern (centre outward)
Emotional: Revolves Around Family, Breastfeeding Promotes Development
Social: Breastfeeding Promotes Development, Begin To Smile, Dependent On Parents
Intellectual: Start To Use Simple Gestures, Learning Simple Words

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15
Q

Early Childhood Development

A

Physical: Bones Continue To Lengthen, Fine Motor Skills Progress (holding a pencil, tie shoelaces, use scissors)
Emotional: Develops A Sense Of Empathy, Children Begin To Develop Identity
Social: Children Attend Childcare, Independence Starts To Develop
Intellectual: Learn To Write Basic Letters And Read Basic Books, Start To Classify Objects By Colour And Size

16
Q

Youth Development

A

Physical: Primary And Secondary Sexual Characteristics
Emotional: More Aware Of A Greater Range Of Emotions, Learn Appropriate Ways Of Expressing Emotions Based On Increasing Social Development
Social: Begin To Widen Social Circles (interact with a greater number of people in their community), Begin Part And Fulltime Work
Intellectual: Begin To See Grey Areas, Able To Distinguish Fact From Opinion

17
Q

Early Adulthood Development

A

Physical: Growth Is Completed At This Stage, Sensory Organs Are At Their Peak
Emotional: Adapt To Changing Family Relationships, Family Support And Encouragement Is Crucial
Social: Marriages Abd Families Are Established, Large Focus On Gaining Independence
Intellectual: Further Development Of Thinking/Reasoning Skills, Skills/Knowledge Of Chosen Career Are Learnt

18
Q

Middle Adulthood Development

A

Physical: Gradual Decline Of Systems, Bone Density Is Lost
Emotional: Greater Self Confidence, Changes In Appearance And Abilities Negatively Impact Development
Social: Greater Success In Career/Friendships/Other Commitments, Some Take On New Parent Roles (grandparents)
Intellectual: Decline Of Intellectual Abilities Is Very Slow, Ability To Solve Problems/Process Information Will Improve

19
Q

Late Adulthood Development

A

Physical: Hair Continues To Lose Pigmentation/Thin, Senses Become Less Acute
Emotional: Grieving At The Lose Of Spouse/Friends/Family, Challenges Relating To Loneliness/Isolation
Social: May Be Stimulated With Retirement, Participation In Community Activities/Volunteering
Intellectual: Decline In Information Processing Abilities, Gains Can Still Be Made Through Life Experiences

20
Q

Respect

A
  • people have consideration for others’ feelings/needs/thoughts/rights
  • value each others’ opinions/treat each other thoughtfully
21
Q

Honesty

A
  • choosing not to lie/cheat/steal/deceive

- builds trust

22
Q

Equality

A
  • everyone is valued/able to give and take
  • same expectations
  • everyone contributes
23
Q

Trust

A
  • think the other person is reliable/dependable
  • confidence in them/feel safe with them
  • key characteristic
24
Q

Relationships On H&WB

A

Physical: Don’t Suffer From Physical Injuries/Abuse, Play Sport Apart Of A Team/Encouraged By Friends/Family
Emotional: Able To Recognise/Manage Emotions, Conflict Leads To Negative Emotions, Positive Outcome Can Be Achieved With Communication
Social: Interact/Support Others, Youth Who Have Good Relationships With Parents Find It Easier To Interact With Adults
Mental: Stress/Anxiety Levels Are Low, High Self-esteem Levels
Spiritual: Feel Connected To Each Other, Inclusive Of Others

25
Q

Relationships On Development

A

Physical: Friends/Coaches Encourage Exercise
Emotional: Emotions Can Be Expressed, Jealousy Can Be Talked About With Friends/Family
Social: Develop Communication Skills/Conflict Resolution, Understanding Of Values/Beliefs Are Enhanced
Intellectual: Teachers Encourage Students To Advance Creativity/Problem Solving Skills

26
Q

Germinal

A

Span: 0-2
Desc: Zygote Starts To Divide, Sarts To Form Embryo/Placenta
Char: Fertilisation Occurs, Formation Of Placenta Begins

27
Q

Embryonic

A

Span: 3-8
Desc: Limbs/Fingers/Toes Emerges, Major Organs/Systems Are Formed, Cells Start To Take Specific Roles
Char: Referred To As An Embryo, Limbs Start To Form, Brain Cells Are Generated/Is Active, Facial Features Are Forming (eyes, mouth), Fingers/Toes Start To Form

28
Q

Foetal

A

Span: 9-40
Desc: Placenta Is Fully Formed, Organs Increase In Size
Char: Referred To As A Foetus, All Organs Form, Teeth Are Formed, Assumes Head Down Position, Lungs Develop

29
Q

Parent Support

A

Social: Includes Practical Assistance (money, babysitters, information, transport), Family Members (grandparents, parents), Financial Resources, Contact With Extended Family
Emotional: People Willing Ti Share Ideas/Advice, Frustration/Anger When The Baby Arrives, Fears About Being Parents
Knowledge: Level Of Education, Knowledge Of H&WB Behaviours, Parental Education

30
Q

Resources For Parents - Maternal/Child Health Service

A
  • state government
  • primary health service
  • free for all Victorian families with children
  • funded by state/local governments
  • centres are staffed by maternal/child health nurses
  • visits are focused on parenting/growth/development/H&WB and safety/social supports/referrals/links in the community
31
Q

Resources For Parents - Health, Learning, Development Record

A
  • state government
  • given to parent of every newborn child in Victoria
  • record child’s milestones/H&WB/growth/development/immunisations
  • space for personal details
  • child H&WB information
  • a way of communicating between parents/healthcare professionals
32
Q

Resources For Parents - Medicare

A
  • federal government
  • provides free/subsided treatment
  • pregnant women can access free treatment in public hospitals
  • increases accessibility to antenatal care
  • assists in providing professional workers (nurses, midwives, doctors, obstetricians) to assist with birth
33
Q

Folate

A
  • reduces risk of neural tube defects (spina bifida)
  • walking difficulties/inability to walk
  • reduced sensation in legs/feet
  • deformities of spine/scoliosis
34
Q

Alcohol

A
  • increases risk of miscarriage/stillbirth/premature birth
  • reduces amount of oxygen available to the baby
  • causes FAS (foetal alcohol syndrome disorder)
  • impaired memory/poor social skills
  • greater risk of psychological/behavioural problems in youth (anxiety, depression)
  • heart defects
  • poor motor skills
  • learning difficulties
  • memory problems, limited attention span
  • slow cognitive processing
35
Q

Tobacco

A
  • reduces oxygen supply/nutrients due to carbon monoxide/nicotine
  • baby’s movements in the womb are weaker
  • slower growth and development
  • increased risk of birth defects
  • harms development of baby’s brain/lungs
  • mother can’t breastfeed
36
Q

Intergenerational Nature Of H&WB

A
  • H&WB/development of one generation influences the next
  • a healthy mother starts a cycle of intergenerational health
  • mothers with high levels of stress hormones during pregnancy are more likely to become addicted to nicotine
  • children of mothers who smoke during pregnancy have higher rates of obesity and poorer cardiovascular health
37
Q

Early Life Experiences - Parenting Practices

A
  • children who are abused by their parents/carers are at greater risk of emotional and behavioural problems
  • sleeping difficulties
    • displaying antisocial/aggressive behaviour
  • displaying speech problems
  • child solves problems with violence
38
Q

Early Life Practices - Low Birth Weight

A
  • harder time feeding/gaining weight/fighting infection
  • difficulties staying warm
  • certain health conditions
  • reduced lung functions
  • feeding difficulties
  • reduced muscle bulk/coordination
  • greater likelihood of impaired growth/motor skill development

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