Chapter 7 Flashcards
Awareness
Attending to and observing what is happening in the present.
Body Armor
A protective mechanism in the individual to deal with the punishment that comes from acting on instinctual demands, such as defecating in public.
Body Awareness
Patients may move or change positions and develop more awareness of their body.
Confluence
A contact boundary disturbance in which the separation between oneself and others becomes muted or unclear.
Contact
Relationship between me and others. Feeling a connection with others or the world outside oneself while maintaining a separation from it.
Contact Boundaries
Boundaries that distinguish one person from an object, another person, or another aspect of oneself.
Deflection
A contact boundary disturbance in which individuals avoid meaningful contact by being indirect or vague rather than by being direct.
Empty Chair
Technique developed by gestalt therapies and adapted by other theorists in which the patient is asked to play different roles in two chairs.
Enactment
Patient may act out a previous experience or a characteristic.
Exercises
Specific techniques that have been developed to be used in group or individual therapy.
Experiments
Creative approaches or techniques used by the therapist to deal with an impasse in therapy brought about by the client’s difficulty in achieving awareness.
Gestalt Psychology
Psychological approach that studies the organization of experience into patterns or configurations. Whole is greater than the sum of it’s parts.
Ground
Background that contrasts with the figure in the perceptions of a field.
Hot Seat
Form of group therapy in which individuals work one at a time with the therapist, and the audience observes, occasionally being asked to comment on the therapeutic process.
Implosive Therapy
Type of prolonged intense exposure therapy in which the client imagines exaggerated scenes that include hypothesized stimuli.
Introjection
Contact boundary disturbance in which individuals accept information or values from others without evaluating them or without assimilating them into one’s personality.
Projection
Contact boundary disturbance in which we may ascribe aspects of ourselves to others.
Retroflection
Contact boundary disturbance in which we do to ourselves what we want to do to someone else, or doing things for ourselves that we want others to do for us.
Unfinished Business
Unexpressed feelings from the past that occur in the present and interfere with psychological functioning.
Disturbance of Contact
When boundary between self and others in unclear.
Phony Layer
Refers to reacting to others in unauthentic or patterned ways.
Phobic Layer
An avoidance of psychological pain.
Impasse Layer
Point at which we are afraid to change or move.
Implosive Layer
We experience our feelings, start to become aware of the real self, but may do little about the feelings.
Explosive Layer
Authentic and without pretense.
Body-Boundaries
Those that may restrict sensations or place them off limits.
Value-Boundaries
Values we hold that we are resistant to changing.
Familiarity-Boundaries
Events that are often repeated but may not be thought about or challenged.
Expressive-Boundaries
We express what we learn at an early age.
Existentialism Influence
Expansion of awareness, freedom, focus on the here and now, and immediacy of experience.
Organism-Environment Field
We perceive our environment as a total unit or meaning.
Organismic Self-Regulation
What is foreground is not random, but based on the needs of an individual. We need completeness and a sense of wholeness.
Psychological Homeostasis
We seek a balance between our environment and ourselves.
Maladaptive Behavior
Results from a loss of contact with the environment or a loss of contact with self.
Tod Dog/Underdog Conflict
Between what you think you should do (top-dog), and what you actually want to do (under-dog).
Making the Rounds
Clients are encouraged to address general statements to each member of the group.
Exaggeration
Nonverbal gestures might be exaggerated in order for the client to become more aware of their true feelings.
Confrontation
Therapist may point out incongruent behaviors and feelings.
May I feed you a sentence?
The therapist asks a client to try an idea/sentence on for size.
Assuming Responsibility
Therapist would encourage clients to tag statements, expressions of emotions with pronouns and take responsibility for it.
