Chapter 4

Question 1

Acting As If (Adler)

Answer 1

Patients are asked to acts as if a behavior will be effective. They are encouraged to try on a new role the way they might try on new clothing.

Question 2

Aha Response (Adler)

Answer 2

Developing a sudden insight into a solution to a problem as one becomes aware of one’s beliefs and behaviors.

Question 3

Assets (Adler)

Answer 3

Assessing the strengths of individuals’ lifestyle is an important part of lifestyle assessment, as is assessment of early recollections and basic mistakes.

Question 4

Avoiding the Tar Baby (Adler)

Answer 4

Referring to the therapist being careful when discussing a sticky issue that is both significant for the patient and causes problems for the patient.

Question 5

Basic Mistakes (Adler)

Answer 5

Self-defeating aspects of individuals’ lifestyle that may affect their later behavior.

Question 6

Birth Order (Adler)

Answer 6

The idea that place in the family constellation (such as being the youngest child) can have an impact on one’s later personality and functioning.

Question 7

Catching Oneself (Adler)

Answer 7

Patients learn to notice that they are performing behaviors they wish to change. They then will have an Aha Response.

Question 8

Creating Images (Adler)

Answer 8

Techniques to form a mental picture of doing something, which can have more impact than reminding oneself mentally.

Question 9

Early Recollections (Adler)

Answer 9

Memories of actual incidents that patients recall from their childhood.

Question 10

Encouragement (Adler)

Answer 10

Therapeutic technique used to build a relationship and to foster client change.

Question 11

Family Constellation (Adler)

Answer 11

The number and birth order, as well as the personality characteristics of members of a family, important in determining lifestyle.

Question 12

Homework

Answer 12

Specific behaviors or activities that clients are asked to do after therapy sessions.

Question 13

Immediacy (Adler, Gestalt)

Answer 13

Communicating the experience of the therapist to the patient about what is happening in the moment.

Question 14

Inferiority (Adler)

Answer 14

Feelings of inadequacy and incompetence that develop during infancy and serve as the basis for striving for superiority in order to overcome feelings of inferiority.

Question 15

Inferiority Complex (Adler)

Answer 15

A strong and pervasive belief that one is not as good as other people. Usually resulting from feelings of inadequacy and insecurity.

Question 16

Interpretation (Adler)

Answer 16

Adlerians express insights to their patients that relate to patients’ goals. Focus is usually on family constellation and social interest.

Question 17

Life Tasks (Adler)

Answer 17

There are five basic obligations and opportunities; occupations, society, love, self-development, and spiritual development. These are used to help determine therapeutic goals.

Question 18

Lifestyle (Adler)

Answer 18

Way of seeking to fulfill particular goals that individuals set in their lives. Use patterns of beliefs, cognitive styles, and behaviors as a way of expressing their style of life.

Question 19

Paradoxical Intention

Answer 19

Therapeutic strategy in which clients are instructed to engage in and exaggerate behaviors they seek to change. Therapists make patients more aware of symptoms and how to achieve.

Question 20

Push-Button Technique (Adler)

Answer 20

To show patients how they can create whatever feeling they want by thinking about it. Remember a pleasant incident, become aware of feelings, and then switch to an unpleasant image and those feelings. Patients learn that they have the power to change their own feelings.

Question 21

Social Interest (Adler)

Answer 21

Caring and concern for the welfare of others that can serve to guide people’s behaviors throughout their lives. Being a part of society and taking responsibility to improve it.

Question 22

Spitting in the Client’s Soup (Adler)

Answer 22

Making comments to the client to make behaviors less attractive or desirable.

Question 23

Style of Life (Adler)

Answer 23

Way of seeking to fulfill particular goals that individuals set in their lives.

Question 24

Superiority (Adler)

Answer 24

The drive to become superior allows individuals to become skilled, competent, and creative.

Question 25

Superiority Complex (Adler)

Answer 25

A means of masking feelings of inferiority by displaying boastful, self-centered, or arrogant behavior. Inflating one’s importance at the expense of others.

Question 26

Organ Inferiority

Answer 26

Concept whereby physical abnormalities contribute to the development of neurosis.

Question 27

Strivings for Superiority

Answer 27

Human motivation and drive to turn a deficit into an asset.

Question 28

Teleology

Answer 28

People are motivated by their future goals.

Question 29

Finalism

Answer 29

Belief in an ultimate goal, final state of being which motivates us to move toward this goals and behave accordingly.

Question 30

Fictional Finalism

Answer 30

Our goals do not exist as realities but rather potentialities.

Question 31

Therapeutic Relationship

Answer 31

Genuineness, care, encouragement; overcoming feelings of inferiority.

Question 32

Assessing Life Style

Answer 32

Investigate attitudes, beliefs, history, goals of client.

Question 33

Develop Self-Understanding

Answer 33

Attempt to understand and develop/modify/change client’s lifestyle.

Question 34

Reorientation

Answer 34

Putting insight into action. Goal is to change old patterns of behavior and adopt a more active and responsible lifestyle.

Question 35

First-Born/Only-born

Answer 35

Receive maximum amount of parental attention and time. High-achievers, emotionally mature, high-expectations, may struggle if fall short.

Question 36

Second-Born

Answer 36

Parents are typically less anxious and more relaxed. Often develop strong communication/negotiation skills.

Question 37

Last-Born

Answer 37

Increased risk of being pampered and having dependency issues.