Chapter 7 Flashcards
Biological variations
the physical, biological, and physiological characteristics that exist between racial groups and distinguish one racial group from another. These characteristics occur in areas of growth and development, skin color, enzymatic differences, susceptibility to disease, and laboratory test findings
Communication
the means by which culture is shared
Cultural Accommodation
refers to assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling nurse actions and decisions that help clients of a particular culture accept nursing strategies, or negotiate with nurses to achieve satisfying health care outcomes.
Cultural Awareness
refers to the self-examination and in-depth exploration of one’s own biases, stereotypes, and prejudices as they influence behavior toward other cultural groups
Cultural Blindness
there is an inability to recognize the differences between one’s own cultural beliefs, values, and practices and those of another culture
Cultural Competence
entails a combination of culturally congruent behaviors practice attitudes, and policies that allow nurses to use interpersonal communication, relationship skills, and behavioral flexibility to work effectively in cross-cultural situations
Cultural Conflict
a perceived threat that may arise from a misunderstanding of expectations when nurses are unable to respond appropriately to another individual’s cultural practice b/c of unfamiliarity with the practice
Cultural Desire
the fifth element needed in the process of developing cultural competence. It refers to nurses’ intrinsic motivation to want to engage in the previous four elements necessary to provide culturally competent care. It is based on the humanistic value of caring for the individual.
Cultural Diversity
refers to the degrees of variation that is represented among populations based on lifestyle, ethnicity, race, interest, across place, and place of origin across time. it includes other aspects of variation among people, such as social class, gender identity, sexual orientation, physical abilities/disabilities and care beyond multiculturalism. Cultural diversity also refers to the changing populations of the world as it becomes more of a global village.
Cultural Encounter
fourth element to be culturally competent. Refers to the process that permits nurses to seek opportunities to directly engage in cross-cultural interactions with clients of diverse cultures to modify existing beliefs about a specific cultural group and possibly avoid stereotyping
Cultural Imposition
the belief on one’s own superiority or ethnocentrism, and is the act of imposing one’s cultural beliefs, values, and practices on individuals from another culture
Cultural Knowledge
refers to the process of searching for and obtaining a sound educational understanding about culturally diverse groups
Cultural Nursing Assessment
is “a systematic identification and documentation of the culture care beliefs, meanings, values, symbols, and practices of individuals or groups within a holistic perspective, which includes the worldview, life experiences, environmental context, ethno history, language, and diverse social structure influences
Cultural Preservation
refers to assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling nurse actions and decisions that help the clients of a particular culture to retain and preserve traditional values, so they can maintain, promote, and restore health. For example, acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice of inserting needles in specific points on the skin through which life energy flows, is used to relieve pain or cure diseases by restoring balance of yin and yang
Cultural Relativism
the goal for nurses is to develop an approach of this. Whereby they recognize that clients have different approaches to health, and that each culture should be judged on its own merit and not on the nurse’s personal beliefs
Cultural Repatterning
refers to assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling nurse actions and decisions that help clients of a particular culture to change or modify a cultural practice for new or different health care patterns that are meaningful, satisfying, and beneficial
Cultural Skill
the third element of developing cultural competence. Refers to the ability of nurses to effectively integrate cultural awareness and knowledge when conducting a cultural assessment as well as culturally based physical assessment and to use data to meet the specific needs of clients
Culture
a set of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that are widely held among a group of people and is transmitted intergenerationally
Culture Brokering
is advocating, mediating, negotiating, and intervening between the client’s culture and the biomedical health care culture on behalf of clients.
Culture Shock
is the feeling of helplessness, discomfort, and disorientation experienced by an individual attempting to understand or effectively adapt to a cultural group whose beliefs and values are radically different from the individual’s culture. When nurses experience culture shock, it may be a normal reaction to a client’s beliefs and practices that are not allowed or approved in the nurse’s own culture
Disparities
are used to describe incongruent elements
Ethnicity
is the shared feeling of peoplehood among a group of individuals and relates to cultural factors such as nationality, geographic region, culture, ancestry, language, beliefs, and traditions
Environmental control
refers to the person’s relationship with nature and efforts to plan and direct factors in the environment that affect them
Ethnocentrism
AKA cultural prejudice, is the belief that one’s own cultural group determines the standards by which another group’s behavior is judged. One’s own standards are better and superior.
Ethnocentric nurses favor their own professional values and find unacceptable that which is different from their culture. Their inability to accept different worldviews often leads them to devalue the experiences of others, judge them to be inferior, and treat those who are different from themselves with suspicion or hostility
