Chapter 38

Question 1

Assault

Answer 1

The death toll from violence is staggering, yet the physical injuries and emotional costs of assault are equally important issues in terms of the acute health care system. Twenty-two percent of females compared with 7.4% of males reported injury related to physical assault. Age is the greatest risk factor for an individual’s victimization through violence, and youths are at significantly higher risk.

Question 2

Child abuse

Answer 2

ranges from violent physical attacks to passive neglect. Violence such as beating, burning, kicking, or shaking may lead to severe physical injury.

Question 3

Child neglect

Answer 3

four categories of child neglect include physical, emotional, medical, and educational neglect

Question 4

Elder abuse

Answer 4

a single or repeated act or lack of appropriate action, occurring within any relationship where there is an expectation of trust which causes harm or distress to an older person

Question 5

Emotional abuse

Answer 5

Abuse is not limited to physical maltreatment but includes emotional abuse such as yelling at or continually demeaning and criticizing the child. Children who come from a family where IPV occurs are at greater risk for physical and psychological abuse and child neglect

Question 6

Emotional neglect

Answer 6

is the lack of the basic nurturing, acceptance, and caring essential for healthy personal development. These children are largely ignored or treated as nonpersons, which affects the development of self-esteem. A neglected child has difficulty feeling self-worth

Question 7

Homicide

Answer 7

defined as a death resulting from the use of force against another person when a preponderance of evidence indicates that the use of force was intentional

Question 8

Incest

Answer 8

Father–daughter incest is the type of incest most often reported; however, mothers do engage in child sexual abuse. In recent years more males have discussed their experiences of child sexual abuse.

Question 9

Intimate partner violence

Answer 9

Women who experience intimate partner violence (IPV) may lose their jobs because of constant harassment and stalking from the abuser and their subsequent absenteeism.

Question 10

Passive neglect

Answer 10

may result in insidious malnutrition or other problems. Abuse is not limited to physical maltreatment

Question 11

Physical abuse

Answer 11

physical abuse of women is frequently accompanied by sexual abuse both in and out of the marital relationship.

Question 12

Physical neglect

Answer 12

is failure to provide adequate food, proper clothing, shelter, hygiene, or necessary medical care and is most often associated with extreme poverty.

Question 13

PTSD

Answer 13

The health impact of sexual assault is highly significant. Health issues include high-risk sexual behavior, substance abuse, unintended pregnancy, depression, post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), suicidal ideation, and eating disorders

Question 14

Rape

Answer 14

is one of the most underreported forms of human abuse in the United States; only about half (47%) of rapes in the National Crime Victimization Survey are reported to the policE, although reporting rates have improved over the past 15 years.

Question 15

Sexual assault nurse examiners

Answer 15

nurses are trained in this. It is a subspecialty of forensic nursing where nurses perform the physical exam in the ED to gather evidence for criminal prosecution

Question 16

Suicide

Answer 16

accounted for the highest rate of violent death in 2007, taking the lives of 9245 people.

Question 17

Survivors

Answer 17

During the act of rape, survivors are often hit, kicked, stabbed, and severely beaten. It is this violence that is most traumatic because of the survivors’ fear for their lives, helplessness, lack of control, and vulnerability.

Question 18

Violence

Answer 18

an important public health nursing issue. Violence leads to significant mortality and morbidity.

Question 19

Wife abuse

Answer 19

Neither the term wife abuse nor the term spouse abuse takes into account violence in dating or cohabitating relationships or violence in same-sex relationships. IPV is more inclusive term

Question 20

Forensic

Answer 20

perform the physical examination in the
emergency department to gather evidence (e.g., hair samples,
skin fragments beneath the victim’s fingernails, evidence from
pelvic examinations obtained by colposcopy) for criminal prosecution
of sexual assault

Question 21

Spouse Abuse

Answer 21

Physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of a partner or former partner.