Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Cognitive Psychology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Mental imagery

A

The mental representation of stimuli when those stimuli are not physically present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Perception

A

Uses previous knowledge to gather and interpret the stimuli registered by the senses
Bottom up and top down processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Analog code

A

A representation that closely resembles the physical object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Propositional code

A

An abstract, language-like representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What part of the brain is activated when people work on tasks that require detailed visual imagery?

A

Primary visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  1. When people were told to rotate a figure, what part of their brain was activated?
  2. However, what was activated when it was worded differently?
A
  1. Frontal and parietal lobes

2. Left temporal lobe and part of the motor cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Experimenter expectancy

A

The researcher’s biases and expectation influence the outcomes of the experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Masking effect

A

People can see a visual target more accurately if they create mental images of vertical lines on each side of the target

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Demand characteristics

A

All the cues that might convey the experimenter;s hypothesis to the participant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What cognitive skill do males perform better in than females?

A

Mental rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pitch

A

A characteristic of a sound stimulus that can be arranged on a scale from low to high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Timbre

A

Describes the sound quality of a tone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cognitive map

A

A mental representation of geographic information, including the environment that surrounds us

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Spatial cognition

A

Refers to 3 cognitive activities:
Our thoughts about cognitive maps
How we remember the world we navigate
How we keep track of objects in a spatial array

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Heuristic

A

General problem solving strategy that usually produces a correct solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

3 things that distort people’s estimation of distance

A

Number of intervening cities
Category membership
Whether their destination is a landmark

17
Q

Border bias

A

People estimate that the distance between 2 specific locations is larger if they are on different sides of a geographic border compared to the same

18
Q

Landmark effect

A

The general tendency to provide shorter estimates when travelling to a landmark rather than non-landmark

19
Q

90-degree-angle heuristic

A

People represent angles in a mental map as being closer to 90 degrees than they really are

20
Q

Symmetry heuristic

A

We remember figures as being more symmetrical and regular than they truly are

21
Q

Rotational heuristic

A

We remember a slightly tilted geographic structure either as being more vertical or more horizontal than it really is
(A single structure)

22
Q

The alignment heuristic

A

We remember a series of geographic structures as being arranged in a straighter line than they really are
(Several structures)

23
Q

Spatial framework model

A

Emphasizes that the above-below spatial demension is especially important in our thinking, the front-back is moderate, and the right-left dimension is least important

24
Q

Situated cognition approach

A

We make use of the helpful information in the immediate environment or situation
Knowledge depends on the context that surrounds us

25
Q

Concreteness effect

A

2 codes are better than one (analog and propositional)

People are better at remembering things that can be easily pictures (concrete nouns > abstract nouns)

26
Q

4 different lines of evidence for analog coding

A

Behavioural effects (mental rotation, size, distance, magnitude)
Shared neural activity
Neural specialization
Interference

27
Q

Retinotopy in V1

A

Captures the idea that spatial relationships in the world are being mapped on to spatial relationships in the brain
V1 = visual cortex

28
Q

What happens if you damage the right parietal areas?

A

Hemi spatial neglect

Also neglect left side of space in mental imagery

29
Q

Parahippocampal place area

A

Gets really excited about places

30
Q

What is modality specific interference?

A

People are better at detecting auditory stimuli when imagining visual, and vice versa
Picturing images and seeing images share some neural structures

31
Q

3 challenges to a strict analog view

A

Double dissociation
Embedded image
Imagery illusions

32
Q

Double dissociation

A

Can have good perception but poor imagery and vice versa
Shows that imagery and perception are not identical because you can damage them independently
Damage at different levels of visual processing

33
Q

Embedded images

A

Easier to see parallelograms in perception over imagery

We must use some propositional coding

34
Q

Imagery illusions

A

Cannot reverse illusions in mental imagery, but can do it if you’re looking at it or are asked to draw it

Cognitive Psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions