Chapter 7 (207-225)

Question 1

motivation

Answer 1

the desire for a person to start and pursue a goal

Question 2

law of individual differences

Answer 2

people have different abilities, needs, personalities, values, and self-concepts

Question 3

theory x

Answer 3

belief that most people dislike work and avoid it

Question 4

theory y

Answer 4

belief that people can enjoy responsibility and work

Question 5

job characteristics

Answer 5

attributes that describe the nature of the work

Question 6

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Answer 6

we satisfy our basic needs like food, water, and comfort first then safety and security

Question 7

three groups of needs in ERG theory

Answer 7

existence
relatedness
growth

Question 8

how does the ERG theory differ from Maslow’s

Answer 8

ERG theory says you can move along the spectrum as opposed to going up and down

Question 9

Herzberg’s two-factor theory

Answer 9

hygiene factors

motivators

Question 10

hygiene fators

Answer 10

• factors like pay and status

- don’t increase satisfaction but when they are absent, they cause dissatisfaction

Question 11

motivators

Answer 11

intrinsic factors of a job that drive an employee to pursue excellence

Question 12

McClelland’s needs

Answer 12

achievement
affiliation
power

Question 13

need for affiliation

Answer 13

establishing and maintaining friendly and warm relations with others

Question 14

need for achievement

Answer 14

wanting to to do something better

Question 15

need for power

Answer 15

wanting to control and influence others or to be responsible for others

Question 16

4 internal motivation factors

Answer 16

Maslow’s
ERG theory
Herzberg’s
McClelland’s

Question 17

empowerment

Answer 17

the degree to which an employee has the authority to make and implement decisions

Question 18

job characteristics model

Answer 18

objective characteristics of the job itself including skill variety, and task identity

Question 19

Hackman and Oldham’s five job characteristics

Answer 19

skill variety
task identity
task significance
autonomy
task feedback

Question 20

job enrichent

Answer 20

increases a job’s complexity to give workers greater responsibility with upward expansion

Question 21

job enlargement

Answer 21

adding more tasks at the same responsibility level - moving horizontally

Question 22

job rotation

Answer 22

workers moved through a variety of jobs to increase their motivation

Question 23

cross-training

Answer 23

training employees in more than one job to enlarge their skill set

Question 24

self-efficacy

Answer 24

a person’s confidence in their ability to execute a task