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chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

endocrinology

A

study evolution of physiological funct of hormones

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2
Q

endocrine system

A

regulates and coordinated organs thr secretion of hormones

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3
Q

hormones

A

signal molecules delivered by circulatory fluids

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4
Q

endocrine requires

A

duration rather than speed

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5
Q

chem classes of hormones

A

peptide
prt
amines
steriods

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6
Q

peptide and prt hormones

A

aa
hydrophilic

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7
Q

amines types

A

tyrosine derived
catecholamines
thyroid hormones

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8
Q

catecholamines

A

hydrophilic aminest

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9
Q

thyroid hormones

A

thyroxine
lipophilic

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10
Q

steriods

A

cholesterol
lipophilic

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11
Q

peptide hormones

A

preprohormones synthesized
cleaved and peptide horm packaged into secretory vesicles
released from cell by exosytosis

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12
Q

cholesterol steroid

A

synthesized from diet

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13
Q

steriods are modified by series of

A

enzymatic rxns

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14
Q

steroid hormones – across membrane immediately

A

diffuse

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15
Q

hormones target

A

only target cells with specific hormone receptors

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16
Q

hormone mech

A

target receptor
peptides and catecholamines bind with rec
alter configuration of ion channels
or activate second messenger

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17
Q

steroid and thyroid hormone mech

A

pass thr membr bind with internal rec
transcription factors

hormone response element on DNA bind turning on synthesis of prt

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18
Q

reg of plasma concentration of hormones

A

negative feedback
neuroendocrine reflex
biological rhythms

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19
Q

neuroendocrine reflex

A

produce sudden incr in HS in resp to stimuli

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20
Q

biological rhythms

A

secre most hormones
biological clocks

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21
Q

endocrine disorders

A

hyposecretion
hypersecretion
endocrine disrupting chemicals

22
Q

hyposecretion disorder

A

inadequate secretion of hormones
primary
secondary

23
Q

primary hyposecretion

A

abnormality within gland

24
Q

secondary hyposecretoino

A

def of tropic hormone

25
Q

hypersecretion

A

excessive secr of hormones

26
Q

endocrine disrupting chemicals

A

human made substances rel into envir minics hormones

27
Q

pineal gland

A

melatonin
circadian rhythm
reproduction

28
Q

controls mammal melatonin output

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus

29
Q

SCN

A

hypothalamus
rec light info from eyes

30
Q

pituitary gland

A

base of brain
connected to hypothalamus by infundibulum

31
Q

pituitary gland types

A

posterior pituitary
anterior pit
intermediate lobe

32
Q

posterior pituitary

A

nervous tissue

33
Q

anterior pituitary

A

glandular epithelial tissue

34
Q

intermediate lobe

A

ability of animals to adapt to coloration

35
Q

intermediate lobe

A

secr melanocyte stimulating hormones

36
Q

skin coloration controlled by

A

a-MSH

37
Q

a-msh opposed by

A

melanin concentrating hormone

38
Q

melanocortin-1 rec

A

determines skin color

39
Q

posterior pituitary hormone

A

vasopressin
oxytocin
arginine vasotocin

40
Q

vasopressin

A

water retention by kidneys (antidiuretic effect)

causes contraction of arteriolar smooth muscle (vasoconstriction)

41
Q

oxytocin

A

social bonding
contraction of uterine muscle

42
Q

arginine avsotocin

A

invilved in osmoregulation
vasoconstriction

43
Q

anterior pituitary hormones types

A

growth
tyroid-stim
adrenocorticotropic
follicle-stim
luteinizing
prolactin

44
Q

growth hormone

A

stim growth and metabolism

45
Q

thyroid stimulating hormones

A

thyroid hormone secretion

46
Q

adrenocorticotropic hormone

A

cortisol secr by adrenal cortex

47
Q

follicle-stimulating hormone

A

reg gamete production

48
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

sex hormone
ovulation

49
Q

prolactin

A

milk production

50
Q
A

VP (10 decks)

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