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VP > chapter 5 - .5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 - .5 Flashcards

1
Q

spinal cord

A

long slender cylinder of nerve tissue
retains segmental organiz

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2
Q

spinal nerves

A

31 pairs

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3
Q

spinal nerve types

A

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral
coccygeal

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4
Q

cervical nerves

A

8

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5
Q

thoracic nerves

A

12

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6
Q

lumbar nerves

A

5

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7
Q

sacral nerves

A

5

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8
Q

coccygeal nerve

A

1

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9
Q

each region supplied by a particular spinal nerve

A

dermatome

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10
Q

matters of spinal cord

A

gray
white

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11
Q

gray matter

A

cell bodies
dorsal horn
interneurons
vertal horn
lateral lorn

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12
Q

cell bodies in gray matter

A

them and dentrites

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13
Q

dorsal horn

A

interneurons
afferent neuron terminate

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14
Q

ventral horn

A

efferent motor neurons

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15
Q

lateral horn

A

autonomic neurons

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16
Q

white matter

A

myelinated nerve fibers
ascending and descending tracts

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17
Q

ascending tracts

A

transport afferent signal to brain

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18
Q

descending tracts

A

relay message from brain to efferent neurons

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19
Q

spinal nerve

A

contains afferent and efferent fibers
enclosed in connective tissue

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20
Q

afferent fibers

A

enter spinal cord thr dorsal root

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21
Q

afferent neurons clustered in

A

dorsal root ganglion

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22
Q

efferent fibers

A

leave spinal cord thr ventral root

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23
Q

spinal cord funct

A

transmits info btw brain and body

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24
Q

spinal reflex

A

reflex act btw afferent input and efferent output

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25
Q

withdrawal reflex

A

withdraw of limb bc of painful stimulus

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26
Q

withdrawal reflex process

A

excited afferent neuron stim excitatory interneurons

stim efferent motor neurons to polysynaptic reflex

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27
Q

inhibitory interneurons

A

stimulated by afferent neurons
inhibit efferent neurons supplying reciprocal innervation

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28
Q

interneurons ascend to carry signal to

A

sensory area of brain

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29
Q

stretch flex

A

skeletal muscles contract

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30
Q

crossed extensor reflex

A

outward extension of opposite limb

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31
Q

brain stem funct

A

input and output

control of heart, blood, respiration

pain

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32
Q

reticular activating system

A

control level of cortical alertness

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33
Q

cerebellum

A

important in balance and coordination

34
Q

cerebellum parts

A

vestibulocerebellum
cerebrocerebellum
spinocerebellum

35
Q

vestibulocerebellum

A

balance and eye movements

36
Q

cerebrocerebellum

A

voluntary muscle activity

37
Q

spinocerebellum

A

enhances muscle tone
skilled movements

38
Q

basal nuclei (basal ganglia)

A

gray matter in cerebrum

39
Q

basal nuclei funct

A

inhibits muscle tone
activity
suppressing unwanted movements

40
Q

thalamus

A

synaptic integrating center for sensory input
attention to stimuli of interest

41
Q

hypothalamus

A

integrating center for homeostatic funct
hormone secr
ANS
emotional and behav patterns
sleep wake cycle

42
Q

limbic system

A

ring of forebrain str

43
Q

limbic system funct

A

emotion
sociosexual
motivation
learning

44
Q

anygdala

A

fear
danger

45
Q

hippocampus

A

memory

46
Q

cerebrum hemispheres

A

two cerebral hemispheres

47
Q

cerebral cortex

A

gray matter layer
6 layers

48
Q

corpus callosum

A

connects two hemispheres

49
Q

four lobes of cerebral cortex

A

occipital
temporal
parietal
frontal

50
Q

occipital lobe

A

vision

51
Q

temporal lobe

A

hearing

52
Q

parietal lobe

A

touchfr

53
Q

frontal lobe

A

motor act
speech
memory
planning

54
Q

somatosensory cortex

A

anterior part of parietal lobe
behind central sulcus
somasthetic (body surface) and proprioceptive (position)

55
Q

sensory homunculus

A

diff body areas mapped and unequally represented

56
Q

primary motor cortex

A

posterior part of frontal lobe

57
Q

left cerebral hemi

A

speech
fine motor control
logical analytical

58
Q

right cerebral hemi

A

artistic

59
Q

acquisition of abilities or knowledge as result of experience or instruction

A

learning

60
Q

storage acquired knowledge for later recall

A

memory

61
Q

memory types

A

declarative
procedural
imprinting

62
Q

declarative memory

A

facts
events
places

63
Q

procedural memory

A

skilled motor movem

64
Q

imprinting

A

programmed behavior based on experiences

65
Q

5 memory types

A

memory trace
short and long
consolidation
working memory

66
Q

memory trace

A

neural change respon retention
knowledge storage

67
Q

consolidation

A

short to long term memory

68
Q

working memory

A

current sensory data

69
Q

retrieving info from memory stores

A

remembering

70
Q

inability to retrieve stored info

A

forgetting

71
Q

anandamide

A

neuromodulators resets STM neurons to unpotentiated state

72
Q

hippocampus

A

limbic system
ST declarative memoryce

73
Q

memory cerebellum

A

memories inv motor skillls
repetitive training

74
Q

short term memory

A

involves modif in funct of preexisting synapses

75
Q

habituation

A

decreased responsiveness to presentation of indiff stimulus

76
Q

sensitization

A

incr respo to mild stimuli

77
Q

long term potentiation

A

inc in strength of existing synaptic connections

follows repetitive stimulation

78
Q

LTM

A

invilves form of new synaptic connections

79
Q

immediate early genes

A

synthesis of prt encode LTMsl

80
Q

sleep wave types

A

slow wave
REM

81
Q

slow wave

A

slow large EEG waves

body shifts

82
Q

REM

A

rapid and small EEG waves

VP (10 decks)

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