Chapter 7 Flashcards
What theory states that people develop a set of behaviors in order to avoid their work situation?
The Progression of Job Withdrawal Theory
What behaviors are included with the progression of job withdrawl?
Behavior change
Physical withdrawal
Psychological withdrawal
What is the behavior change area?
Where an employee will try to change the situation.
Ex. Asking to move departments.
What happens in the physical withdrawal area?
Takes an internal transfer
Begins to be absent or tardy
Leaves the job
What happens if an employee is unable to leave their job situation?
Psychological withdrawal
What happens in psychological withdrawal?
Become disengaged
Show less involvement and commitment
The process of job withdrawal includes :
Employee becomes dissatisfied
Behavior change
Physical Withdrawal
Psychological Withdrawal
Whistle blowing or applying for other jobs falls under what area?
(Process of job withdrawal)
Behavior Change
Transferring positions, being late or absent, or quitting fall under what area?
Physical Withdrawal
Disengagement with coworkers and being less productive falls under what area?
(Process of job withdrawal)
Psychological Withdrawal
Which experiments tested employee motivation by physical and environmental factors?
Such as lighting and break times.
Hawthorne Studies
The Hawthorne Studies were experimented by?
Elton Mayo
Abraham Maslow created what in 1943?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
What did the Hawthorne Studies conclude?
Worker output improved after receiving attention.
Safety needs are:
Feeling safe in environment
Job Security
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is known as the theory of:
Human motivation
Physiological needs are:
Basic Needs
Food, water and shelter
Social needs are:
Spending time with others, connection, family
Esteem needs:
Feeling good about ourselves
Status and recognition
Fredrick Herzberg created what theory in what year?
Herzberg Two-Factor Theory
1959
What experiments created the Two-Factor Theory?
Interviews with employees about what satisfies and dissatisfies them about their work.
Motivation and Hygiene Theory is?
Two-Factor Theory
What are the 6 Motivation Factors?
Achievement
Recognition
Work itself
Responsibility
Advancement
Growth
What are the 6 Hygiene Factors?
Policies
Supervision
Relationships
Work Conditions
Remuneration
Salary
Not necessarily motivators, but i f not present, they cause demotivation
Hygiene Factors
These factors increase satisfaction
Motivation Factors
What is the McGregor Theory?
How management styles impact employee retention
What are the approaches in the McGregor Theory?
Theory X
&
Theory Y
What is Theory X?
Managers believe the negative in employees:
People dislike work
Need to be threatened with punishment
Average person needs to be directed
Most workers avoid responsibility People only work for the money
What is Theory Y?
Manager believes positive in employees:
People will make an effort
Self-discipline and control
Commitment to objectives
Accepting responsibility
Use ingenuity to solve problems
What year was the McGregor Theory introduced?
1960’s
What is the theory where management styles impact employee retention?
McGregor Theory
What is the carrot & stick approach?
Poking and prodding at employees to do something
2 approaches
Stick Approach
Constant threat to “motivate”
“If you don’t do this, you will be fired”
Carrot Approach
Focuses on reward to motivate
“If you do this, you’ll get a bonus”
Motivation Strategy:
Salary & Benefit
Standard process for pay
A pay communication strategy
PTO
Motivation Strategy:
Training & Development
Personal Growth
Tuition reimbursement
Motivation Strategy:
Performance Appraisal
Constructive feedback
Goals
Motivation Strategy:
Succession Planning
Clear Career Path
Motivation Strategy:
Flextime & Telecommuting
Work-life balance
Volunteer opportunities
Motivation Strategy:
Management Training
Better management and retention
Motivation Strategy:
Conflict Management
(Fairness) - 6 areas -
Consistency
Bias Suppression
Information accuracy
Correctability
Representativeness
Ethically
Motivation Strategy:
Job Enrichment
Skill variety
Task identity
Significance
Autonomy
Feedback
Motivation Strategy:
Job Enlargement
Special Projects
New Challenges
Motivation Strategy:
Job Empowerment
Innovation
Information we need to do our job
Self direction
Motivation Strategy:
Pay for Performance
Bonuses
Profit Sharing
Team Incentive Pay
