Chapter 7 Flashcards
A phospholipid is
Amphipathic
What other membrane is amphipathic?
Membrane proteins
What is the fluid mosaic model?
When the membrane is a mosaic of protein molecules in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids
What do Integral Proteins do?
Penetrates the hydrophobic interior
What do Peripheral Proteins do?
They loosely bound to the surface of the membrane
What is selective permeability?
When it allows some substances to pass easier than others
What other way can ions penetrate the hydrophobic interior?
By the Transport Proteins
Cells that are associated with Transport Proteins are called :
Aquaporins
What is diffusion?
When particles spread out into available space
What is concentration gradient?
When a substance diffuses from more concentrated to less concentrated
What is passive transport?
The diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane
What is osmoregulation?
The control of solute concentrations and water balance
What is facilitated diffusion?
Diffusion but with the help of transport proteins
What is active transport?
When a solute is pumped across a membrane and the cell must expand
What is membrane potential?
The voltage across a membrane
What is associated with Membrane Potential?
Electrogenic Pumps
What do electrogenic pumps do?
They transport proteins that generates voltage
What is Exocytosis?
When the cell secretes certain molecules by the fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane
What is endocytosis?
When the cell takes in molecules and form new vesicles from the plasma membrane
What function do carbohydrates fulfill in the plasma membrane?
Cell-to-Cell recognition
Why is energy required for active transport?
Because it moves solutes against their concentration gradient
How does cholesterol affect membrane fluidity?
At body temp. it makes the membrane less fluid
What is Plasmolysis?
When a plant cell shrinks
