Chapter 5 Flashcards
Carbohydrates function
stores energy and builds material
Proteins function
catalyzes reactions and transports substances in and out of the
Nucleic Acid function
stores genetic information and gene expression
Lipids function
provides energy, making cell membrane, and act as hormones
What Macromolecule is Hydrophobic
Lipids
Dehydration reaction
When a water molecule is lost and a new bond forms
Hydrolysis
When a water molecule breaks the bond between monomers
What groups consist of Carbohydrates?
A carbonyl and multiple hydroxyl groups
What bonds Carbohydrates?
Glycosidic Linkage
What is a glycosidic linkage?
A covalent bond that formed by a dehydration reaction
What is glycogen?
a polysaccharide that is used for storing energy in human muscle and liver cells, animals store it.
What makes cellulose indigestible
It has Beta glucose monomers
What is chitin?
A structural polysaccharide that is used to build arthropods exoskeleton
The only macromolecule that is not made up of true polymers
Lipids
Saturated fatty acid
A fatty acid that is saturated with hydrogen
What is the cause of unsaturated fatty acids and why
It causes bends because of the cis double bonds
Trans fat
An unsaturated fatty acid that has double trans bonds
Phospholipids
A fat molecule that has 2 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule
4 fused rings?
Steroids
What bonds protein?
Peptide bonds
What is amino acids made up of?
An amino and carboxyl group
The three-dimensional shape and folding of a protein is assisted by
Chaperonins
What is a Peptide bond
A covalent bond joining amino acids
components of nucleic acids
Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and a phosphate
