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Bio-181 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Carbohydrates function

A

stores energy and builds material

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2
Q

Proteins function

A

catalyzes reactions and transports substances in and out of the

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3
Q

Nucleic Acid function

A

stores genetic information and gene expression

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4
Q

Lipids function

A

provides energy, making cell membrane, and act as hormones

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5
Q

What Macromolecule is Hydrophobic

A

Lipids

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6
Q

Dehydration reaction

A

When a water molecule is lost and a new bond forms

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7
Q

Hydrolysis

A

When a water molecule breaks the bond between monomers

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8
Q

What groups consist of Carbohydrates?

A

A carbonyl and multiple hydroxyl groups

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9
Q

What bonds Carbohydrates?

A

Glycosidic Linkage

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10
Q

What is a glycosidic linkage?

A

A covalent bond that formed by a dehydration reaction

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11
Q

What is glycogen?

A

a polysaccharide that is used for storing energy in human muscle and liver cells, animals store it.

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12
Q

What makes cellulose indigestible

A

It has Beta glucose monomers

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13
Q

What is chitin?

A

A structural polysaccharide that is used to build arthropods exoskeleton

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14
Q

The only macromolecule that is not made up of true polymers

A

Lipids

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15
Q

Saturated fatty acid

A

A fatty acid that is saturated with hydrogen

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16
Q

What is the cause of unsaturated fatty acids and why

A

It causes bends because of the cis double bonds

17
Q

Trans fat

A

An unsaturated fatty acid that has double trans bonds

18
Q

Phospholipids

A

A fat molecule that has 2 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule

19
Q

4 fused rings?

A

Steroids

20
Q

What bonds protein?

A

Peptide bonds

21
Q

What is amino acids made up of?

A

An amino and carboxyl group

22
Q

The three-dimensional shape and folding of a protein is assisted by

A

Chaperonins

23
Q

What is a Peptide bond

A

A covalent bond joining amino acids

24
Q

components of nucleic acids

A

Nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and a phosphate

25
Q

What class is sex hormones

A

Lipids

26
Q

the secondary structure of a peptide backbone is stabilized by

A

hydrogen bonds by forming alpha helix and beta pleated

27
Q

What bond does the tertiary structure not have?

A

Peptide bonds

28
Q

What characteristic is shared by sucrose, lactose, and maltose?

A

They are all disaccharides

29
Q

Denaturation is when :

A

A protein loses its shape or unravels

30
Q

What method helps determine the 3d structure of a protein?

A

X-ray crystallography

Bio-181 (15 decks)

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