Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is stomata?

A

It is the pores in a leaf

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2
Q

What enters and exits through the stomata of a leaf?

A

CO2 enters and O2 exits

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3
Q

Where is chloroplast mainly found?

A

In the cells of the mesophyll

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4
Q

What is the mesophyll?

A

the tissue in the interior of the leaf

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5
Q

How many chloroplasts does a mesophyll cell have?

A

30-40

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6
Q

How many membranes does a chloroplast have?

A

2

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7
Q

What third membrane system is found suspended in stroma?

A

Thylakoids

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8
Q

What is thylakoids made up of?

A

sacs

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9
Q

Where does Chlorophyll reside in?

A

In the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplast

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10
Q

What is the photosynthesis chemical equation?

A

6 CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy —> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O

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11
Q

What does chloroplast split to get hydrogen and oxygen atoms?

A

Water

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12
Q

What are the two stages of photosynthesis?

A

Light reactions and the Calvin cycle

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13
Q

What are the two forms that is converted into chemical energy?

A

NADPH and ATP

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14
Q

What is carbon fixation?

A

When carbon is incorporated into organic compounds

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15
Q

What is needed by the Calvin cycle? And where does it get it?

A

NADPH and ATP; from the light reactions

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16
Q

How does light reactions make ATP?

A

Photophosphorylation

17
Q

Where does the light reactions occur?

A

In the thylakoids of the chloroplast

18
Q

Where does the Calvin cycle occur?

A

In the stroma

19
Q

Light is a form of :

A

Electromagnetic energy

20
Q

What does chlorophyll a pigment?

A

Chlorophyll b and carotenoids

21
Q

Where is the electrochemical gradient formed across?

A

The Thylakoid Membrane

22
Q

What is a single unit of membranous sac called?

A

Granum

23
Q

What happens when chloroplast pigments absorb light?

A

Their electrons become excited

24
Q

Name the leaf structures from outermost to innermost

A

Stomata, Mesophyll, Chloroplast, Stroma, Thylakoids, Chlorophyll

25
Q

Where does the energy used to produce ATP in light reactions come from?

A

Movement of H+ through a membrane

26
Q

What does the Calvin cycle produce?

A

NADP+, ADP and Pi

27
Q

What is the important role of pigments in photosynthesis?

A

Capture light energy

28
Q

What happens during the first phase of the Calvin cycle?

A

CO2 is attached to RuBP

29
Q

What is the calvin cycle in order?

A

Carbon Fixation, reduction, and regeneration

30
Q

What is produced by linear electron flow during light reactions?

A

Oxygen

31
Q

What does a photosystem consist of?

A

Electron acceptor, light-harvesting complex, reaction center complex, and chlorophyll molecules