Chapter 6

Question 1

What is the Plasma membrane?

Answer 1

It is a barrier that allows passage to the entire cell

Question 2

Where is cytoplasm in a Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 2

In a region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane

Question 3

Where is the cytoplasm in a Prokaryotic Cell?

Answer 3

It is suspended in the cytosol

Question 4

What is cell fractionation?

Answer 4

It is taking cells apart and separating major organelles

Question 5

Which cell has a region that is not membrane-enclosed? And what is it called?

Answer 5

A prokaryotic cell; Nucleoid

Question 6

What does the nucleus do?

Answer 6

It contains most of the genes

Question 7

Where can genes also be found in?

Answer 7

Mitochondria and Chloroplast

Question 8

What does a Nuclear Envelope do?

Answer 8

It encloses the nucleus

Question 9

What does the Nuclear Lamina do?

Answer 9

It helps maintain the shape of the nucleus

Question 10

What is chromatin?

Answer 10

The complex of DNA and protein making chromosomes

Question 11

What is synthesized in the Nucleolus?

Answer 11

rRNA

Question 12

What do Ribosomes do?

Answer 12

Carry out protein synthesis

Question 13

What are Ribosomes made up of?

Answer 13

rRNA and proteins

Question 14

Where are free ribosomes found?

Answer 14

Suspended in cytosol

Question 15

Where are bound ribosomes found?

Answer 15

Attached to the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum or the nuclear envelope

Question 16

What consists of the endomembrane system?

Answer 16

the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, vacuoles, and plasma membrane

Question 17

What is the endomembrane system used for?

Answer 17

It synthesizes and transports proteins, metabolism, and carries out toxics/drugs

Question 18

What is the difference between Smooth ER and Rough ER?

Answer 18

Smooth lacks ribosomes and Rough has ribosomes embedded on the outer surface

Question 19

What are glycoproteins?

Answer 19

Proteins with Carbohydrates covalently bonded to them

Question 20

What does the Smooth ER do?

Answer 20

Metabolism process, it carries out drugs, toxics, poisons, and alcohol

Question 21

What does Rough ER do?

Answer 21

It synthesizes proteins

Question 22

What are Transport Vesicles?

Answer 22

Vesicles that are being transported to a different part of the cell

Question 23

What does the Golgi Apparatus do?

Answer 23

It receives Transport vesicles and does refining and ships it to Lysosome

Question 24

What do Lysosomes do?

Answer 24

It digests (hydrolyzes) macromolecules

Question 25

What is the term that is used when amoebas eat smaller organisms?

Answer 25

Phagocytosis

Question 26

What do Vacuoles do?

Answer 26

They select transporting solutes

Question 27

What are contractile vacuoles?

Answer 27

Protists living in fresh water

Question 28

What do Chloroplasts do?

Answer 28

Converts solar energy to chemical energy by absorbing sunlight

Question 29

Groups that are primarily involved in synthesizing molecules

Answer 29

Ribosomes, Rough ER, and Smooth ER

Question 30

What unique organelles do animal cells have and what structures are they composed of?

Answer 30

Centrosomes; centrioles

Question 31

What do motor proteins do?

Answer 31

It helps with Cell motility (movement of location)

Question 32

Microfilaments functions in cell motility include :

Answer 32

Muscle contractions, amoeboid movement, and cytoplasm streaming in plants

Question 33

Basal bodies are closely associated with :

Answer 33

Cilia

Question 34

What makes hydrogen peroxide and converts to water?

Answer 34

Peroxisomes

Question 35

What organelle storages inorganic ions in a plant cell?

Answer 35

Central Vacuole

Question 36

What are communicating junctions in animal cells called?

Answer 36

Gap Junctions

Question 37

What is cell junctions in plant cells called?

Answer 37

Plasmodesmata