Chapter 6 Flashcards
What is the Plasma membrane?
It is a barrier that allows passage to the entire cell
Where is cytoplasm in a Eukaryotic cell?
In a region between the nucleus and the plasma membrane
Where is the cytoplasm in a Prokaryotic Cell?
It is suspended in the cytosol
What is cell fractionation?
It is taking cells apart and separating major organelles
Which cell has a region that is not membrane-enclosed? And what is it called?
A prokaryotic cell; Nucleoid
What does the nucleus do?
It contains most of the genes
Where can genes also be found in?
Mitochondria and Chloroplast
What does a Nuclear Envelope do?
It encloses the nucleus
What does the Nuclear Lamina do?
It helps maintain the shape of the nucleus
What is chromatin?
The complex of DNA and protein making chromosomes
What is synthesized in the Nucleolus?
rRNA
What do Ribosomes do?
Carry out protein synthesis
What are Ribosomes made up of?
rRNA and proteins
Where are free ribosomes found?
Suspended in cytosol
Where are bound ribosomes found?
Attached to the outside of the endoplasmic reticulum or the nuclear envelope
What consists of the endomembrane system?
the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, vacuoles, and plasma membrane
What is the endomembrane system used for?
It synthesizes and transports proteins, metabolism, and carries out toxics/drugs
What is the difference between Smooth ER and Rough ER?
Smooth lacks ribosomes and Rough has ribosomes embedded on the outer surface
What are glycoproteins?
Proteins with Carbohydrates covalently bonded to them
What does the Smooth ER do?
Metabolism process, it carries out drugs, toxics, poisons, and alcohol
What does Rough ER do?
It synthesizes proteins
What are Transport Vesicles?
Vesicles that are being transported to a different part of the cell
What does the Golgi Apparatus do?
It receives Transport vesicles and does refining and ships it to Lysosome
What do Lysosomes do?
It digests (hydrolyzes) macromolecules
