Chapter 6 - Understanding people: management concepts Flashcards
The concept of management emerged from the…………
Industrial revolution
The introduction of ……….. in the late 1700s lead to the creation of large factories in Europe that were staffed with agricultural and small town residents who need a direction and supervision
Steam power
Who published the principles of scientific management in 1911?
Frederick Winslow Taylor
What are the four principles of scientific management according to Frederick Winslow Taylor?
- Replace “rule of thumb” work methods with methods based on a scientific study of the tasks
- Scientifically select, train, and develop each worker, rather than passively leaving workers to train themselves
- Cooperate with the workers to ensure that the scientifically developed methods are being followed
- Divide work nearly equally between managers and workers so that the managers apply scientific management principles to planning the work and the workers actually perform the tasks
A management style that shifted the focus to pay more attention to the workers and to the working conditions that would make those workers more productive.
Humanistic management
A social psychologist and and professor at MIT who created theory X and theory Y?
Douglas McGregor
A theory ……. manager believes that people do not like to work, so consequently they need to be closely watched and controlled.
Theory X
A theory …….. manager believes that people do like to work and they need to be encouraged, rather than controlled.
Theory Y
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs:
- Physiological needs
- Safety, security, order
- Social, affection
- Esteem, status
- Self actualization
The most basic human needs, at the bottom of the ladder, are physical, air, water, food, and shelter
Physiological needs
The theory that assumes that every decision made and every action taken in the workplace is driven by peoples values, attitudes, and beliefs.
Blake and Mouton’s Managerial grid
According to the grid theory the values are based on two fundamental concerns that influence behavior which are?
A concern for people and a concern for results
The five behavior models based on Blake and Mouton’s grid
-Indifferent: evade and allude
-controlling: direct and dominate
-Accommodating: yield and comply
-Status quo: balance and compromise
-Sound: contribute and commit
The indifferent manager relies heavily on instructions and process, depending on ……….to outline what needs to be done.
Others
One of the best tools to improve time efficiency is ……… which allows subordinates to complete tasks they are capable of performing. These duties should be ones that allow the subordinate to grow.
Delegation
The evaluation of the firefighters performance is a primary function of the …………..
Fire company officer
………..requires that the fire officer directly observe the actions of the crew. The more dangerous the activity, the more……….. is required.
Direct supervision
What year was the New York City metropolitan fire department established
1865
A form of management they took away much of this autonomy and converted skilled crafts into a series of simplify jobs that could be performed by unskilled workers
Scientific management
Who was the Harvard University industrial psychology professor who started the humanistic management school?
Professor George Elton mayo
A phenomenon in which people improve their performance or behavior not because of any specific condition being tested, but simply because of the extra attention they receive as part of the study
Hawthorne effect
McGregor’s 1960 publication, the “human side of enterprise,”summarized the results of his research and added the _____ __ and _____ ___concepts to the management motivational toolbox
Theory X &
Theory Y
The process of attracting, selecting, and maintaining an adequate supply of labor
Staffing
The more direct supervision that is needed, the _____ efficient the crew
Less
