Chapter 6- The nervous sys-Part 1 Flashcards
There’re are 3 functions of the nervous system:
1———–
2———–
3———–
- Sensory (detection and input)
- Integrative ( 1. processing/storing/analyzing of sensory info
2. decision making) - Motor (output)
how does the process for a muscle respond to a nerve impulses ?
- Sensory Receptor ( responds to a stimulus by producing a
a receptor potential) that goes to - Sensory Neuron (axon conducts impulses from the receptor to the
integrating Centre) - Integrating Centre (relay impulses from sensory to motor neurons)
- Motor Neurons ( Axon conducts impulses from integrating Centre
to effector) - Effector (muscle that responds to motor nerve impulses)
- ————2.————-3.————-
are involved in the relay of sensory stimuli, ————–, such as perception and motor activities.
- Graded potential
- Nerve action potential
- Muscle action potential
- integrative function
What is interneuron ? and what they do ?
- It is called a relay neuron , create neural circuits, enabling
communication between sensory or motor neurons and the
CNS. Found between ( afferent and efferent neuron)
The Nervous tissue is designed for ————-
communication
The nervous tissue has 2 cells :
1) ———–
2) ———–
1) Neuroglia
2) Neurons
The 3 functions of the Neuroglia;
- Support
- Nourish
- Protect
With Injury /disease, ————- multiply to fill the spaces formerly occupied by neurons
Neuroglia
The Neuroglia has 4 types of cells:
- Astrocytes
- Oligodendrocytes
- Microglia
- Ependymal
Provides ———– to the neurons , help form the BBB(———) ; it is called ——–cytes. Located in the ——– and acts as a ———— and it is made from ———-
- nutrition
- Blood Brain Barrier
- Astrocytes
- CNS
- Bodyguard
- Neuroglial cells
————protects the brain from harmful substances, thick ————- , tight junction. Also, prevents the passage of ———— from the blood and the brain
and its surrounding fluid).
Blood-Brain Barrier
basement membrane
materials
————form/maintain the myelin sheath of the CNS neurons.
- Oligodendrocytes- it hugs the MYELIN SHEATH
Olig = few, dendride = branches
————Phagocytotic cells ( similar to tissue macrophages), they remove debris, phagocytize microbes.
Microglia
What is CFS ? and what does it do ?
- It is a cerebrospinal fluid, it is clear colorless fluid that
circulates around the brain and spinal cord. It protects the
brain and spinal cord from injury.
———-cells that encircle axons in the ———-.
Schawnn cells
PNS
———form Myelin sheath of ——-axons.
Schawnn cells, PNS
————-are involved in the regeneration(after injury) of PNS axons.
Schwann cells
Schawnn cells (do not have branches), It is a ————of the ——–?
-Neuroglia of the PNS
The two main division of the nervous system are:
1) —————which consist of the ——- and ——–
2) ——————which consist of all the ——— ——-outside the ——.
- CNS (central nervous system) , Brain , Spinal cord
- Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) , nervous, tissue outside
the CNS
Neurons are ——–cells , It has 3 types of cells
1.
2.
3.
- nerve
1. Dendrite
2. Cell Body ( aka soma, perikaryon)
3. Axon
——-input portion of the neuron, it has single or multiple extensions off the cell body.
Dendrite
——-contains lots of receptor sites for receiving chemical messages
Dendrite
———contains the nucleus and other organelles, and a act as cell processes (e.g- synthesize protein)
Cell body (aka soma, perikaryon)
———-a thin cylindrical process off the cell body , it is the output portion of the neuron.
Axon
The ends of an axon divides into many fine processes called ——– ————
axon terminals
—————-the swollen ends of some axon terminals
Synaptic end bulb
some axons are ——-
myelinated
————-a multilayered lipid and protein covering that speeds up the signal (action potential)
-Myelin
Axons coated in myelin are called ———
myelinated axons